Department of Medicine, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, India -
Department of Medicine, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, India.
Minerva Endocrinol. 2020 Mar;45(1):49-60. doi: 10.23736/S0391-1977.19.03055-4. Epub 2019 Jul 24.
Insulin, either in its intravenous or subcutaneous forms, remains the standard therapy for virtually all type-1 diabetes and many of the type-2 diabetes patients in its advanced stages. With advancement of injection techniques, insulin therapy has become much more patient-friendly than ever. Still there is vast area of unmet needs regarding current practice of insulin therapy. Insulin injections are associated with poor compliance, weight gain, fears of hypoglycemia and adverse effects of systemic hyperinsulinemia. So, a search for oral insulin tablet which may closely mimic the physiological insulin secretions has always been there. This review intends to briefly describe the existing barriers of oral insulin delivery and strategies to overcome those. It also highlights the recent human studies and tries to find out the future of oral insulin in clinical context.
胰岛素，无论是静脉内注射还是皮下注射，仍然是几乎所有 1 型糖尿病患者和许多处于晚期的 2 型糖尿病患者的标准治疗方法。随着注射技术的进步，胰岛素治疗比以往任何时候都更加方便患者。尽管如此，在当前胰岛素治疗的实践中，仍有大量未满足的需求。胰岛素注射与依从性差、体重增加、对低血糖的恐惧以及全身高胰岛素血症的不良反应有关。因此，人们一直在寻找口服胰岛素片剂，这种片剂可能与生理胰岛素分泌非常相似。这篇综述旨在简要描述口服胰岛素传递的现有障碍和克服这些障碍的策略。它还强调了最近的人体研究，并试图找出口服胰岛素在临床环境中的未来。
