Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea.
Poult Sci. 2019 Dec 1;98(12):6808-6815. doi: 10.3382/ps/pez412.
The effects of betaine supplementation on growth performance, blood components, nutrient digestibility, excreta noxious gas emission, and meat quality of broiler chickens were examined using different dietary crude protein (CP) and methionine (Met) levels. A total of 768 Ross 308 broiler chickens were allotted to four treatments, with 12 replications of each treatment conducted over 6 wk. Treatments were factorially designed, with 2 levels of CP [Starter: CP 21% (low Met) and 23% (high Met); Finisher: CP 18% (low Met) and 20% (high Met)] and 2 levels of betaine supplementation (0 and 0.12%). Body weight gain and feed conversion improved significantly as dietary levels of protein increased (P < 0.05), but the results for betaine supplementation differed. The concentrations of serum total protein, albumin, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were elevated by either the supplementary betaine or the CP (P < 0.05). In addition, serum albumin concentration significantly increased in groups fed low CP amounts and betaine 0.12% compared with groups fed low CP only (P < 0.05). Total tract digestibility of nitrogen in broilers fed high CP amounts or 0.12% betaine, was observed to be greater than that in groups fed low CP amounts or no betaine treatment (P < 0.05). Supplemental betaine affected excreta ammonia gas emission, and hydrogen sulfide concentrations decreased significantly in low CP-fed groups (P < 0.05). Breast meat quality and relative organ weights were not influenced by CP levels or dietary betaine supplementation. These results suggest that betaine does not increase productivity, but may affect serum total protein, albumin, GPx, excreta ammonia emission, and nitrogen digestibility in broiler chickens. In addition, betaine supplementation is more effective in increasing serum albumin concentration when it was added in low CP (low Met) diets.
本研究旨在探讨不同饲粮粗蛋白质（CP）和蛋氨酸（Met）水平下添加甜菜碱对肉鸡生长性能、血液成分、养分消化率、排泄物有害气体排放和肉质的影响。选用 768 只罗斯 308 肉鸡，采用完全随机设计，设 2 个 CP 水平[育雏期：CP 21%（低 Met）和 23%（高 Met）；育肥期：CP 18%（低 Met）和 20%（高 Met）]和 2 个甜菜碱添加水平（0 和 0.12%），共 4 个处理，每个处理设 12 个重复，试验期 6 周。随着饲粮 CP 水平的提高，肉鸡的体重和饲料转化率显著提高（P<0.05），但甜菜碱的添加效果不同。血清总蛋白、白蛋白和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）浓度均随 CP 或甜菜碱添加而升高（P<0.05）。此外，与仅饲喂低 CP 组相比，饲喂低 CP 量且添加 0.12%甜菜碱组的血清白蛋白浓度显著升高（P<0.05）。高 CP 量或添加 0.12%甜菜碱组的肉鸡全肠道氮消化率均高于低 CP 量或不添加甜菜碱组（P<0.05）。甜菜碱添加影响排泄物氨气排放，低 CP 量组的粪便硫化氢浓度显著降低（P<0.05）。CP 水平或饲粮甜菜碱添加对胸肌品质和器官相对重量没有影响。这些结果表明，甜菜碱不会提高肉鸡的生产性能，但可能会影响血清总蛋白、白蛋白、GPx、排泄物氨气排放和氮消化率。此外，在低 CP（低 Met）饲粮中添加甜菜碱更有利于提高血清白蛋白浓度。
