College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China.
College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China.
Neurochem Int. 2019 Oct;129:104511. doi: 10.1016/j.neuint.2019.104511. Epub 2019 Jul 23.
Neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus (DG) plays a key role in the normal of structure and function of the hippocampus-learning and memory. After eating the locoweeds, animals develop a chronic neurological disease called "locoism". Swainsonine (SW) is the main toxin in locoweeds. Studies have shown that SW induces neuronal apoptosis in vitro and impairs learning and memory in adult mouse. The present study explored effects of SW exposure to dams on the postnatal neurogenesis of DG of offspring. Pregnant ICR mice were orally gavaged with SW at a dose of 0, 5.6 or 8.4 mg/kg/day from gestation day 10 to postnatal day (PND) 21, respectively. We found that SW impaired the proliferation capacity of neural progenitor cells in the DG so that the number of newborn cells was reduced at PND 8. Using the postnatal in vivo electroporation, we showed that the dendritic branching and total length of granule cells were significantly decreased due to SW exposure. In addition, on PND 21, the density of NeuN-positive and Reelin-positive interneurons increased in the hilus, implying the disorder of neuronal migration. These results suggest that maternal exposure to SW, the neurogenesis of DG on offspring was disrupted, finally leading to the functional disorder of DG.
齿状回（DG）中的神经发生在海马体-学习和记忆的结构和功能正常中发挥着关键作用。食入疯草后，动物会患上一种慢性神经疾病，称为“疯牛病”。苦马豆素（SW）是疯草中的主要毒素。研究表明，SW 可诱导体外神经元凋亡，并损害成年小鼠的学习和记忆。本研究探讨了母体暴露于 SW 对后代 DG 神经发生的影响。妊娠 ICR 小鼠从妊娠第 10 天到产后第 21 天（PND）分别经口给予 SW0、5.6 或 8.4mg/kg/天。我们发现 SW 损害了 DG 中神经祖细胞的增殖能力，导致新生细胞数量在 PND8 时减少。通过产后体内电穿孔，我们表明由于 SW 暴露，颗粒细胞的树突分支和总长度显著减少。此外，在 PND21 时，齿状回门区的 NeuN 阳性和 Reelin 阳性中间神经元密度增加，表明神经元迁移紊乱。这些结果表明，母体暴露于 SW 会破坏 DG 的神经发生，最终导致 DG 的功能障碍。
