Laser Center, Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.
Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2019 Oct;103:109863. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.109863. Epub 2019 Jun 5.
Quick setting and poor injectability due to liquid-solid phase separation have limited the clinical use of brushite and monetite cements. The presence of certain ions in the cement during the setting reaction moderate the setting time and properties of the cement. This study reports the preparation of injectable bone cement by using biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) extracted from femur lamb bone by calcination at 1450 °C. EDX analysis infers the presence of Mg and Na ions as trace elements in BCP. X-ray diffraction patterns of the prepared cement confirmed the formation of brushite (DCPD) along with monetite (DCPA) as a minor phase. DCPA phase diminished gradually with a decrease in powder to liquid ratio (PLR). Initial and final setting time of 5.3 ± 0.5 and 14.67 ± 0.5 min respectively are obtained and within the acceptable recommended range for orthopedic applications. Exceptional injectability of ≈90% is achieved for all prepared bone cement samples. A decrease in compressive strength was observed with increase in the liquid phase of the cement, which is attributed to the higher degree of porosity in the set cement. Immersion of bone cement in simulated body fluid (SBF) for up to 7 days resulted in the formation of apatite layer on the surface of cement with Ca/P ratio 1.71, which enhanced the compressive strength from 2.88 to 9.15 MPa. The results demonstrate that bone cement produced from BCP extracted from femur lamb bone can be considered as potential bone substitute for regeneration and repair of bone defects.
由于固-液相分离导致快速凝固和较差的可注射性，限制了 brushite 和 monetite 水泥的临床应用。水泥在凝固反应过程中存在某些离子会调节水泥的凝固时间和性能。本研究报告了通过在 1450°C 煅烧从羔羊股骨中提取的双相磷酸钙（BCP）来制备可注射骨水泥。EDX 分析推断 BCP 中存在 Mg 和 Na 离子作为微量元素。制备的水泥的 X 射线衍射图谱证实了 DCPD（brushite）和 DCPA（monetite）的形成，DCPA 是一种次要相。随着粉末与液体比（PLR）的降低，DCPA 相逐渐减少。分别获得 5.3±0.5 和 14.67±0.5 分钟的初始和最终凝固时间，在可接受的骨科应用范围内。所有制备的骨水泥样品的可注射性均达到约 90%。随着水泥中液相的增加，抗压强度降低，这归因于凝固水泥中更高的孔隙度。将骨水泥浸入模拟体液（SBF）中长达 7 天，导致水泥表面形成 Ca/P 比为 1.71 的磷灰石层，从而使抗压强度从 2.88 增加到 9.15 MPa。结果表明，从羔羊股骨中提取的 BCP 生产的骨水泥可被认为是用于骨缺损再生和修复的潜在骨替代物。
