Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China; Department of Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Technology, University of Dar as Salaam, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Chemosphere. 2019 Dec;237:124422. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124422. Epub 2019 Jul 22.
Environmental estrogenic compounds are important pollutants, which are widely distributed in natural water bodies. They produce various adverse effects on fish, but their concentration-dependent toxicities in fish metabolism and health are not fully understood. This study investigated the effects of 17β-estradiol (E2) and bisphenol A (BPA) at low and high concentrations on lipid deposition, inflammation and antioxidant response in male zebrafish. We measured fish growth parameters, gonad development, lipid contents and the activities of inflammatory and antioxidant enzymes, as well as their mRNA expressions. All E2 and BPA concentrations used increased body weight, damaged gonad structure and induced feminization in male zebrafish. The exposure of zebrafish to E2 and BPA promoted lipid accumulation by increasing total fat, liver triglycerides and free fatty acid contents, and also upregulated lipogenic genes expression, although they decreased total cholesterol content. Notably, zebrafish exposed to low concentrations of E2 (200 ng/L) and BPA (100 μg/L) had higher lipid synthesis and deposition compared to high concentrations (2000 ng/L and 2000 μg/L, respectively). However, the high concentrations of E2 and BPA increased inflammation and antioxidant response. Furthermore, BPA caused greater damage to fish gonad development and more severe lipid peroxidation compared to E2. Overall, the results suggest that the toxic effects of E2 and BPA on zebrafish are concentration-dependent such that, the relative low concentrations used induced lipid deposition, whereas the high ones caused adverse effects on inflammation and antioxidant response.
环境雌激素化合物是重要的污染物，广泛分布于天然水体中。它们对鱼类产生各种不良影响，但鱼类代谢和健康中浓度依赖性的毒性还不完全清楚。本研究调查了低浓度和高浓度的 17β-雌二醇（E2）和双酚 A（BPA）对雄性斑马鱼的脂质沉积、炎症和抗氧化反应的影响。我们测量了鱼的生长参数、性腺发育、脂质含量以及炎症和抗氧化酶的活性及其 mRNA 表达。所有 E2 和 BPA 浓度都增加了鱼的体重，破坏了性腺结构，并诱导雄性斑马鱼雌性化。E2 和 BPA 暴露促进了脂质积累，增加了总脂肪、肝甘油三酯和游离脂肪酸含量，并上调了脂肪生成基因的表达，尽管它们降低了总胆固醇含量。值得注意的是，与高浓度（分别为 2000ng/L 和 2000μg/L）相比，暴露于低浓度 E2（200ng/L）和 BPA（100μg/L）的斑马鱼具有更高的脂质合成和沉积能力。然而，高浓度的 E2 和 BPA 增加了炎症和抗氧化反应。此外，BPA 对鱼类性腺发育的损害大于 E2，脂质过氧化作用更严重。总的来说，这些结果表明，E2 和 BPA 对斑马鱼的毒性作用是浓度依赖性的，即使用的相对低浓度诱导了脂质沉积，而高浓度则对炎症和抗氧化反应产生了不良影响。
