Pôle Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie d'Adultes du Grand Nancy, Centre Psychothérapique de Nancy, Laxou, France; INSERM U1114, Université de Strasbourg, Pôle de Psychiatrie, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
Pôle Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie d'Adultes du Grand Nancy, Centre Psychothérapique de Nancy, Laxou, France; INSERM U1114, Université de Strasbourg, Pôle de Psychiatrie, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
Schizophr Res. 2020 May;219:47-55. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2019.07.007. Epub 2019 Jul 26.
The electroretinogram has revealed photoreceptor, bipolar cell, and, in one prior study, retinal ganglion cell (RGC) dysfunction in schizophrenia. The structural abnormalities of the RGC are well documented in schizophrenia and such abnormalities have been associated with visual hallucinations (VH) in neurological disorders. The goals of this study were: 1) to examine the functional responses of photoreceptors and RGC in schizophrenia patients in comparison with healthy controls; and 2) to compare the extent of retinal dysfunction in schizophrenia patients with or without VH. We recorded the flash electroretinogram in scotopic and photopic conditions, and the pattern electroretinogram, in schizophrenia patients (n = 29) and healthy controls (n = 29). Schizophrenia patients were divided in two groups: schizophrenia patients with VH (VH group, n = 12) and schizophrenia patients with auditory hallucinations or no hallucinations (AHNH group, n = 17). Our results replicate previous findings regarding photoreceptor dysfunction in schizophrenia. PERG results showed a significant increase of the P50 implicit time in schizophrenia patients compared with controls (t(55) = 2.1, p < .05, d = 0.55) and a significant increase of the N95 implicit time in schizophrenia patients compared with controls (t(55) = 4.2; p < .001, d = 0.66). We found an increased rod b-wave implicit time (dark-adapted 0.01 ERG) in the VH group compared to the AHNH group and to the control group, which was associated with lifetime VH score. Our results demonstrate a slowing of RGC signaling in schizophrenia patients, which could affect the quality of visual information reaching the visual cortex. The implications of the data for understanding VH in schizophrenia are discussed.
视网膜电图已经揭示了精神分裂症中的光感受器、双极细胞，以及在一项先前的研究中，视网膜神经节细胞（RGC）功能障碍。RGC 的结构异常在精神分裂症中得到了很好的记录，这种异常与神经障碍中的幻视（VH）有关。本研究的目的是：1）比较精神分裂症患者与健康对照者的光感受器和 RGC 的功能反应；2）比较伴有或不伴有 VH 的精神分裂症患者的视网膜功能障碍程度。我们在暗适应和明适应条件下记录闪光视网膜电图，以及在精神分裂症患者（n=29）和健康对照者（n=29）中记录图形视网膜电图。将精神分裂症患者分为两组：伴有 VH 的精神分裂症患者（VH 组，n=12）和伴有听觉幻觉或无幻觉的精神分裂症患者（AHNH 组，n=17）。我们的结果复制了之前关于精神分裂症中光感受器功能障碍的发现。PERG 结果显示，与对照组相比，精神分裂症患者的 P50 潜伏期显著增加（t（55）=2.1，p<0.05，d=0.55），N95 潜伏期也显著增加（t（55）=4.2；p<0.001，d=0.66）。我们发现 VH 组与 AHNH 组和对照组相比，暗适应 0.01 ERG 的 rod b-波潜伏期增加，这与终生 VH 评分相关。我们的结果表明，精神分裂症患者的 RGC 信号传递速度减慢，这可能会影响到达视皮层的视觉信息的质量。讨论了数据对理解精神分裂症中 VH 的意义。
