阿片类药物暴露的新生儿：俄克拉荷马州的经验综述
THE OPIOID-EXPOSED NEONATE: A REVIEW OF THE OKLAHOMA EXPERIENCE.
作者信息
Ernst Kimberly D, Makkar Abhishek
机构信息
Dr. Ernst is Professor, Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Medical Director of the Level II Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at SSM Health Saint Anthony, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
Dr. Makkar is Assistant Professor, Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Medical Director of the Level II Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at Comanche County Hospital, Lawton, Oklahoma.
出版信息
J Okla State Med Assoc. 2018 Oct;111(8):768-774.
Neonatal abstinence syndrome from opioids (NAS-O) is a multisystem disorder resulting in neurological and gastrointestinal symptoms from the abrupt discontinuation of chronic fetal exposure to opioids. Increasing opioid use during pregnancy has led to a five-fold increase in NAS-O nationally over the past decade. Several knowledge gaps in our experiences with opioid-exposed neonates have been identified: 1) universal maternal screening; 2) diagnostic tools for newborn abstinence syndrome; 3) optimal treatment protocols; and 4) long-term neurodevelopmental effects of fetal opioid exposure. This review article gives a broad overview of the issues associated with screening, diagnosis, and management of opioid exposure in newborns as well as the issues with collecting accurate outcomes data to monitor efforts aimed at curbing opioid exposure in children and NAS-O. Data specific to Oklahoma is provided, when available.
阿片类药物所致新生儿戒断综合征（NAS - O）是一种多系统疾病，由于胎儿长期接触阿片类药物后突然停药，导致神经和胃肠道症状。在过去十年中，孕期阿片类药物使用的增加致使全国范围内NAS - O的发病率增长了五倍。我们在接触阿片类药物的新生儿方面的经验存在若干知识空白：1）普遍的母亲筛查；2）新生儿戒断综合征的诊断工具；3）最佳治疗方案；4）胎儿接触阿片类药物的长期神经发育影响。这篇综述文章广泛概述了与新生儿阿片类药物接触的筛查、诊断和管理相关的问题，以及在收集准确的结局数据以监测旨在遏制儿童阿片类药物接触和NAS - O的努力方面存在的问题。如有可用数据，会提供俄克拉荷马州的具体数据。
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