Moreira-Grez Benjamin, Muñoz-Rojas Miriam, Kariman Khalil, Storer Paul, O'Donnell Anthony G, Kumaresan Deepak, Whiteley Andrew S
UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
Centre for Ecosystem Science, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Front Microbiol. 2019 Jul 10;10:1617. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01617. eCollection 2019.
Mining of mineral resources substantially alters both the above and below-ground soil ecosystem, which then requires rehabilitation back to a pre-mining state. For belowground rehabilitation, recovery of the soil microbiome to a state which can support key biogeochemical cycles, and effective plant colonization is usually required. One solution proposed has been to translate microbial inocula from agricultural systems to mine rehabilitation scenarios, as a means of reconditioning the soil microbiome for planting. Here, we experimentally determine both the aboveground plant fitness outcomes and belowground soil microbiome effects of a commercially available soil microbial inocula (SMI). We analyzed treatment effects at four levels of complexity; no SMI addition control, Nitrogen addition alone, SMI addition and SMI plus Nitrogen addition over a 12-week period. Our culture independent analyses indicated that SMIs had a differential response over the 12-week incubation period, where only a small number of the consortium members persisted in the semi-arid ecosystem, and generated variable plant fitness responses, likely due to plant-microbiome physiological mismatching and low survival rates of many of the SMI constituents. We suggest that new developments in custom-made SMIs to increase rehabilitation success in mine site restoration are required, primarily based upon the need for SMIs to be ecologically adapted to both the prevailing edaphic conditions and a wide range of plant species likely to be encountered.
矿产资源开采极大地改变了地上和地下的土壤生态系统，因此需要恢复到开采前的状态。对于地下恢复，通常需要将土壤微生物群落恢复到能够支持关键生物地球化学循环的状态，并实现有效的植物定植。提出的一种解决方案是将农业系统中的微生物接种物应用于矿山恢复场景，以此作为调节土壤微生物群落以利于种植的一种手段。在此，我们通过实验确定了一种市售土壤微生物接种物（SMI）对地上植物适应性的影响以及对地下土壤微生物群落的影响。我们在四个复杂程度级别上分析了处理效果：不添加SMI的对照、单独添加氮、添加SMI以及添加SMI加氮，实验周期为12周。我们的非培养分析表明，在12周的培养期内，SMI有不同的反应，其中只有少数菌群成员在半干旱生态系统中存活下来，并产生了可变的植物适应性反应，这可能是由于植物与微生物群落的生理不匹配以及许多SMI成分的低存活率所致。我们建议，需要开发定制的SMI以提高矿山场地恢复的成功率，这主要是基于SMI需要在生态上适应当地的土壤条件以及可能遇到的多种植物物种的需求。
