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荷鲁斯之眼:古埃及艺术、医学与神话之间的联系

The Eye of Horus: The Connection Between Art, Medicine, and Mythology in Ancient Egypt.

作者信息

ReFaey Karim, Quinones Gabriella C, Clifton William, Tripathi Shashwat, Quiñones-Hinojosa Alfredo

机构信息

Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, USA.

Art, University of Miami, Miami, USA.

出版信息

Cureus. 2019 May 23;11(5):e4731. doi: 10.7759/cureus.4731.

Abstract

Ancient Egyptian civilization is one of the oldest cultures in human history. Ancient Egyptians are well-known for pioneering the fields of art, medicine, and the documentation of discoveries as mythological tales. The Egyptians mastered the integration of anatomy and mythology into artistic symbols and figures. The mythology of Isis, Osiris, and Horus is arguably one of the most recognized mythologies in ancient Egypt. The Eye of Horus was used as a sign of prosperity and protection, derived from the myth of Isis and Osiris. This symbol has an astonishing connection between neuroanatomical structure and function. Artistically, the Eye is comprised of six different parts. From the mythological standpoint, each part of the Eye is considered to be an individual symbol. Additionally, parts of the Eye represent terms in the series 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, and 1/32; when this image is superimposed upon a sagittal image of the human brain, it appears that each part corresponds to the anatomic location of a particular human sensorium. In this manuscript, we highlight the possible scientific speculation of the ingenuity of ancient Egyptians' remarkable insight into human anatomy and physiology.

摘要

古埃及文明是人类历史上最古老的文化之一。古埃及人以开创艺术、医学领域以及将发现记载为神话故事而闻名。埃及人掌握了将解剖学与神话融入艺术符号和形象的方法。伊西斯、奥西里斯和荷鲁斯的神话可以说是古埃及最广为人知的神话之一。荷鲁斯之眼被用作繁荣和保护的象征,它源自伊西斯和奥西里斯的神话。这个符号在神经解剖结构和功能之间有着惊人的联系。从艺术角度看,荷鲁斯之眼由六个不同部分组成。从神话角度来看,眼睛的每个部分都被视为一个单独的符号。此外,眼睛的部分代表了1/2、1/4、1/8、1/16和1/32这一系列中的数值;当这个图像叠加在人类大脑的矢状图像上时,似乎每个部分都对应着特定人类感官的解剖位置。在本手稿中,我们强调了对古埃及人对人体解剖学和生理学的卓越洞察力的独创性可能存在的科学推测。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/afc6/6649877/759e22e9365f/cureus-0011-00000004731-i01.jpg

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