Grant Melissa M, Jönsson Daniel
School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham and Birmingham Community Healthcare Foundation Trust, Birmingham B5 7EG, UK.
Swedish Dental Service of Skåne, 222 37 Lund, Sweden.
J Clin Med. 2019 Jul 26;8(8):1110. doi: 10.3390/jcm8081110.
Cardiovascular disease is a worldwide human condition which has multiple underlying contributing factors: one of these is long-term increased blood pressure-hypertension. Nitric oxide (NO) is a small nitrogenous radical species that has a number of physiological functions including vasodilation. It can be produced enzymatically through host nitric oxide synthases and by an alternative nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway from ingested inorganic nitrate. It was discovered that this route relies on the ability of the oral microbiota to reduce nitrate to nitrite and NO. Next generation sequencing has been used over the past two decades to gain deeper insight into the microbes involved, their location and the effect of their removal from the oral cavity. This review article presents this research and comments briefly on future directions.
心血管疾病是一种全球性的人类疾病，有多种潜在的促成因素：其中之一是长期血压升高——高血压。一氧化氮（NO）是一种小的含氮自由基，具有多种生理功能，包括血管舒张。它可以通过宿主一氧化氮合酶酶促产生，也可以通过摄入的无机硝酸盐的替代硝酸盐-亚硝酸盐-NO途径产生。人们发现，这条途径依赖于口腔微生物群将硝酸盐还原为亚硝酸盐和NO的能力。在过去二十年中，下一代测序技术被用于更深入地了解所涉及的微生物、它们的位置以及从口腔中去除它们的效果。这篇综述文章介绍了这项研究，并简要评论了未来的方向。
