Centre for Social Evolution, Department of Plant and Environmental Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
Centre for Social Evolution, Department of Plant and Environmental Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
Curr Opin Insect Sci. 2019 Jun;33:99-104. doi: 10.1016/j.cois.2019.05.001. Epub 2019 May 9.
Social insects are distinguished by their lifestyle of living in groups with division of labour, cooperative brood care, and reproduction limited to a few colony members. Social insects often build large colonies with remarkable densities of highly related individuals and this can lead to an increased pathogen pressure. Our review focuses on interactions of ants with two important taxonomic groups of fungi infecting ants: Hypocreales (Ascomycota) and Entomophthorales (Entomophthoromycotina), and their different infection strategies, including host manipulation for optimal spore dispersal in the specialised ant pathogens. In social insects such as ants, resistance to pathogens is present at the colony level, with social immunity in addition to the individual resistance. We describe how ants use both organizational and behavioural defence strategies to combat fungal pathogens, with emphasis on highly specialised fungi from the genera Ophiocordyceps and Pandora.
社会性昆虫的特点是群体生活、分工合作、共同抚育后代以及繁殖仅限于少数几个群体成员。社会性昆虫通常会建造大型的群体，这些群体中高度相关的个体密度很高，这可能会导致病原体压力增加。我们的综述重点关注了蚂蚁与感染蚂蚁的两类重要真菌类群之间的相互作用：Hypocreales（子囊菌门）和 Entomophthorales（接合菌门），以及它们不同的感染策略，包括宿主操纵以实现专门的蚂蚁病原体中孢子的最佳传播。在蚂蚁等社会性昆虫中，对病原体的抗性存在于群体水平，除了个体抗性外还有社会免疫力。我们描述了蚂蚁如何使用组织和行为防御策略来对抗真菌病原体，重点介绍了来自 Ophiocordyceps 和 Pandora 属的高度专业化真菌。
