Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA.
CRC, Kent State University, 405G White Hall, P.O. Box 5190, Kent, OH, USA.
J Occup Rehabil. 2020 Mar;30(1):115-124. doi: 10.1007/s10926-019-09851-4.
Background The purpose of this study was to investigate the patterns in allegations of workplace discrimination filed by individuals with cancer. Objective The goal of the research was to describe discrimination, both actual and perceived, that has occurred against individuals with cancer in comparison to a group of individuals with other general disabilities (GENDIS) through analyses of the United States Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) Integrated Mission System (IMS) database. Methods An ex post facto, causal comparative quantitative design was used to examine Americans with Disabilities Act Amendments Act (ADAAA) Title I complaints received by the EEOC from people with cancer from 2009 through 2016 (n = 10,848) in comparison to the GENDIS group over the same time period (n = 13,338). Results Results revealed statistically significant differences in the patterns of issues alleged by the two groups. When compared to the GENDIS group, the cancer group was significantly older and had proportionally more individuals who identified as Asian than the GENDIS group. People with cancer were more likely to allege discrimination in the areas of unlawful discharge, demotion, wages, layoff, benefits, and referrals. They were less likely to allege discrimination in areas of reasonable accommodation, hiring, and suspension. Also, the cancer group was more likely than the GENDIS group to file allegations against smaller employers and employers in the Southeast region of the United States, while employers in the Mid-Atlantic and Rocky Mountain regions were less likely to be named in allegations by people with cancer. The cancer group was also significantly more likely than the GENDIS group to find that EEOC investigations of their allegations resulted in merit-based case resolution, that is, discrimination had indeed occurred. Owing to the large sample size, some of these between-group differences were small in magnitude. Conclusion The workplace discrimination experiences of people with cancer are substantially different from those of people with other disabilities.
背景 本研究旨在调查癌症患者提出的工作场所歧视指控模式。 目的 通过对美国平等就业机会委员会（EEOC）综合任务系统（IMS）数据库的分析，研究旨在描述与其他一般残疾群体（GENDIS）相比，针对癌症患者的实际和感知到的歧视。 方法 本研究采用回顾性、因果比较定量设计，比较了 EEOC 从 2009 年至 2016 年期间收到的癌症患者的《美国残疾人法案修正案》（ADAAA）第 I 条投诉（n=10848）与同期 GENDIS 群体（n=13338）的情况。 结果 结果显示，两组指控问题的模式存在统计学显著差异。与 GENDIS 组相比，癌症组年龄明显较大，且亚裔个体比例明显高于 GENDIS 组。癌症患者更有可能在解雇、降职、工资、裁员、福利和转介等方面指控歧视。他们不太可能在合理住宿、招聘和停职方面指控歧视。此外，癌症组比 GENDIS 组更有可能对较小的雇主和美国东南部地区的雇主提出指控，而马里兰州中部和落基山地区的雇主则较少被癌症患者指控。癌症组也比 GENDIS 组更有可能发现 EEOC 对其指控的调查结果是基于案情的案件解决，即确实发生了歧视。由于样本量很大，这些组间差异中的一些差异很小。 结论 癌症患者的工作场所歧视经历与其他残疾患者的歧视经历有很大不同。
