Department of Economics, University of California, Merced, Merced, CA, USA.
La Follette School of Public Affairs, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
Demography. 2019 Oct;56(5):1855-1874. doi: 10.1007/s13524-019-00804-3.
A large literature has documented links between harmful early-life exposures and later-life health and socioeconomic deficits. These studies, however, have typically been unable to examine the possibility that these shocks are transmitted to the next generation. Our study uses representative survey data from the United States to trace the impacts of in utero exposure to the 1918 influenza pandemic on the outcomes of the children and grandchildren of those affected. We find evidence of multigenerational effects on educational, economic, and health outcomes.
大量文献记录了有害的早期暴露与晚年健康和社会经济劣势之间的联系。然而，这些研究通常无法检验这些冲击是否传递给下一代的可能性。我们的研究利用美国代表性调查数据，追踪 1918 年流感大流行期间宫内暴露对受影响人群的子女和孙子女的结果的影响。我们发现了在教育、经济和健康结果方面存在多代影响的证据。
