Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA.
Department of Pharmacology, Creighton University School of Medicine, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA.
Mol Neurobiol. 2020 Jan;57(1):358-371. doi: 10.1007/s12035-019-01717-3. Epub 2019 Jul 29.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) are short noncoding RNAs that act to repress expression of proteins from target mRNA transcripts. miRNAs influence many cellular processes including stemness, proliferation, differentiation, maintenance, and survival, and miRNA mutations or misexpression are associated with a variety of disease states. The miR-183 family gene cluster including miR-183, miR-96, and miR-182 is highly conserved among vertebrate and invertebrate organisms, and the miRNAs are coordinately expressed with marked specificity in sensory neurons and sensory epithelial cells. The crucial functions of these miRNAs in normal cellular processes are not yet fully understood, but expectedly dependent upon the transcriptomes of specific cell types at different developmental stages or in various maintenance circumstances. This article provides an overview of evidence supporting roles for miR-183 family members in normal biology of the nervous system, including mechanoreception for auditory and vestibular function, electroreception, chemoreception, photoreception, circadian rhythms, sensory ganglia and pain, and memory formation.
微小 RNA（miRNAs，miRs）是短的非编码 RNA，可作用于抑制靶 mRNA 转录本的蛋白质表达。miRNAs 影响多种细胞过程，包括干性、增殖、分化、维持和存活，miRNA 突变或表达异常与多种疾病状态有关。miR-183 家族基因簇包括 miR-183、miR-96 和 miR-182，在脊椎动物和无脊椎动物中高度保守，并且 miRNA 以显著的特异性与感觉神经元和感觉上皮细胞协同表达。这些 miRNA 在正常细胞过程中的关键功能尚未完全了解，但预计依赖于不同发育阶段或各种维持情况下特定细胞类型的转录组。本文概述了支持 miR-183 家族成员在神经系统正常生物学中的作用的证据，包括听觉和前庭功能的机械感受、电感受、化学感受、光感受、昼夜节律、感觉神经节和疼痛以及记忆形成。
