Orthopedics Department, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 111 Dade Road, Guangzhou 510120, China.
Chem Commun (Camb). 2019 Aug 15;55(67):9904-9914. doi: 10.1039/c9cc04098f.
The successful clinical application of the three generation platinum anticancer drugs, cisplatin, carboplatin and oxaliplatin, has promoted research interest in metallodrugs; however, the problems of drug resistance and adverse effects have hindered their further application and effects. Thus, scientists are searching for new anticancer metallodrugs with lower toxicity and higher efficacy. The ruthenium complexes have emerged as the most promising alternatives to platinum-based anticancer agents because of their unique multifunctional biochemical properties. In this review, we first focus on the anticancer applications of various ruthenium complexes in different signaling pathways, including the mitochondria-mediated pathway, the DNA damage-mediated pathway, and the death receptor-mediated pathway. We then discuss the functionalization and cancer-targeting designs of different ruthenium complexes in conjunction with other therapies such as photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, radiosensitization, targeted therapy and nanotechnology for precise cancer therapy. This review will help in designing and accelerating the research progress regarding new anticancer ruthenium complexes.
三代铂类抗癌药物顺铂、卡铂和奥沙利铂的成功临床应用推动了金属药物的研究兴趣；然而，耐药性和不良反应问题阻碍了它们的进一步应用和效果。因此，科学家们正在寻找毒性更低、疗效更高的新型抗癌金属药物。钌配合物因其独特的多功能生化特性，已成为最有前途的铂类抗癌药物替代品。在这篇综述中，我们首先关注不同钌配合物在不同信号通路中的抗癌应用，包括线粒体介导途径、DNA 损伤介导途径和死亡受体介导途径。然后，我们讨论了不同钌配合物的功能化和癌症靶向设计，以及与光动力疗法、光热疗法、放射增敏、靶向治疗和纳米技术等其他疗法的结合，以实现精确的癌症治疗。这篇综述将有助于设计和加速新型抗癌钌配合物的研究进展。
