Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, AUSTRALIA.
Department of Kinesiology, University of Georgia, Athens, USA.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2020 Jan;52(1):49-55. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000002108.
Child and adult muscular power have been shown to associate with contemporary cardiometabolic health. Muscular power typically persists (tracks) between childhood and adulthood. Few studies span childhood to adulthood, so we aimed to identify modifiable and environmental factors associated with the persistence or change in muscular power across the life course.
Prospective study examining 1938 participants who had their muscular power (standing long jump distance) measured in 1985 as children 7-15 yr old and again 20 yr later in adulthood (26-36 yr old). A selection of objectively measured anthropometric characteristics (adiposity and fat-free mass), cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), self-reported physical activity, dietary (quality and fruit, vegetable, and protein intake), and sociodemographic data were available at both time points. Muscular power was separated into thirds, and participants were reported as having persistently low, decreasing, persistently moderate, increasing, or persistently high muscular power.
Higher adiposity, lower physical activity, diet quality and socioeconomic status (SES) across the life course, and lower adult CRF were associated with persistently low muscular power. Lower adult protein intake and an increase in adiposity over time were associated with decreasing muscular power. An increase in fat-free mass was associated with a reduced probability of decreasing or persistently high muscular power and an increased probability of increasing muscular power. Higher adult fruit intake was associated with increasing muscular power. Lower adiposity across the life course, higher adult CRF and SES, and higher child protein intake were associated with persistently high muscular power.
Healthy weight, good CRF, greater protein intake, and high SES are important correlates of high muscular power maintained from childhood to adulthood.
儿童和成人的肌肉力量与当代心血管代谢健康相关。肌肉力量通常在儿童期和成年期之间保持（跟踪）。很少有研究跨越儿童期到成年期，因此我们旨在确定与肌肉力量在整个生命周期中的持续或变化相关的可改变和环境因素。
这是一项前瞻性研究，共纳入 1938 名参与者，他们在 1985 年作为 7-15 岁的儿童时进行了肌肉力量（立定跳远距离）测量，20 年后在成年期（26-36 岁）再次测量。在这两个时间点都有一组客观测量的人体测量特征（肥胖和去脂体重）、心肺适能（CRF）、自我报告的体力活动、饮食（质量和水果、蔬菜和蛋白质摄入）和社会人口统计学数据。肌肉力量分为三分之一，参与者报告为持续低肌肉力量、肌肉力量下降、持续中等肌肉力量、肌肉力量增加或持续高肌肉力量。
整个生命过程中较高的肥胖率、较低的体力活动水平、饮食质量和社会经济地位（SES），以及较低的成年 CRF 与持续低肌肉力量相关。随着时间的推移，成人蛋白质摄入减少和肥胖增加与肌肉力量下降相关。去脂体重增加与降低肌肉力量下降或持续高肌肉力量的概率降低以及增加肌肉力量的概率增加相关。成年后水果摄入量增加与肌肉力量增加相关。整个生命过程中较低的肥胖率、较高的成年 CRF 和 SES，以及较高的儿童蛋白质摄入与持续高肌肉力量相关。
健康体重、良好的 CRF、更高的蛋白质摄入和较高的 SES 是从儿童期到成年期保持高肌肉力量的重要相关因素。
