Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia.
Department of Kinesiology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2019 Dec;29(12):1909-1916. doi: 10.1111/sms.13529. Epub 2019 Aug 14.
This study aimed to assess whether the longitudinal association between childhood muscular fitness and adult measures of glucose homeostasis persist despite changes in muscular fitness across the life course. This prospective longitudinal study included 586 participants who had their muscular power (standing long jump distance), cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and waist circumference measured as children (aged 9, 12, 15 years) and again 20 years later as adults. In adulthood, these participants also provided a fasting blood sample which was tested for glucose and insulin. Glucose homeostasis measures including insulin resistance (HOMA2-IR) and beta cell function (HOMA2-β) were estimated. Child and adult muscular power levels were separated into thirds, and tracking groups (persistently low, decreasing, persistently moderate, increasing, and persistently high) were created. Sex-stratified multivariable linear regression models were used to examine the association between muscular power tracking groups and adult measures of glucose homeostasis. Compared with males with persistently high muscular power, males with increasing and persistently low muscular power had higher fasting insulin (increasing: β = 1.12 mU/L, P = .04; persistently low: β = 2.12 mU/L, P = .001) and HOMA2-β (increasing: β = 8.50%, P = .03; persistently low: β = 11.27%, P = .01) independent of CRF and males with persistently low muscular power had greater fasting insulin (β = 1.22 mU/L, P = .02) and HOMA2-IR (β = 0.14, P = .02) independent of waist circumference. Non-significant associations were present for females. For males, maintaining persistently high muscular power between childhood and adulthood could lead to a healthier adult glucose homeostasis profile.
本研究旨在评估儿童肌肉力量与成人葡萄糖稳态指标之间的纵向关联是否持续存在，即使在整个生命过程中肌肉力量发生变化。这项前瞻性纵向研究包括 586 名参与者，他们在儿童时期（9、12、15 岁）接受了肌肉力量（立定跳远距离）、心肺功能（CRF）和腰围测量，20 年后作为成年人再次接受了测量。在成年期，这些参与者还提供了空腹血样，用于检测血糖和胰岛素。估计了葡萄糖稳态指标，包括胰岛素抵抗（HOMA2-IR）和β细胞功能（HOMA2-β）。儿童和成人的肌肉力量水平分为三分之一，创建了跟踪组（持续低、减少、持续中等、增加和持续高）。使用性别分层多变量线性回归模型来检查肌肉力量跟踪组与成人葡萄糖稳态指标之间的关联。与持续高肌肉力量的男性相比，肌肉力量增加和持续低的男性空腹胰岛素水平更高（增加：β=1.12mU/L，P=0.04；持续低：β=2.12mU/L，P=0.001），HOMA2-β 更高（增加：β=8.50%，P=0.03；持续低：β=11.27%，P=0.01），独立于 CRF，而持续低肌肉力量的男性空腹胰岛素水平更高（β=1.22mU/L，P=0.02），HOMA2-IR 更高（β=0.14，P=0.02），独立于腰围。女性的相关性不显著。对于男性，在儿童期和成年期保持持续高肌肉力量可能会导致更健康的成年葡萄糖稳态谱。
