Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro" , Bari , Italy.
Department of Science of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Foggia , Foggia , Italy.
Avian Pathol. 2019 Sep;48(sup1):S35-S43. doi: 10.1080/03079457.2019.1645295. Epub 2019 Aug 21.
(De Geer, 1778) is a major problem for the poultry industry worldwide, as it negatively affects virtually all kinds of rearing systems. Therefore, the control of infestation has become a routine process, and its economic cost is constantly increasing. Until now, most of the control strategies have relied on the use of synthetic chemical drugs, but their efficacy is often questioned by the emergence and diffusion of resistant mite populations. With this in mind, the efficacy of -cyhalothrin, amitraz, and phoxim has been verified by testing them against 86 mite populations collected from the same number of poultry farms in Italy from 2008 to 2015. Assays were performed according to the filter paper method using the recommended, half, quarter, double and quadruple doses. The results showed that phoxim and amitraz were the most effective acaricides (median efficacies 80.35% and 80.83%, respectively), but amitraz exhibited a sharp fall in its efficacy during 2011 and 2012, while phoxim maintained its high effectiveness up to 2015, when it dropped. The overall median efficacy of -cyhalothrin was 58.33%. The data also highlighted the importance of the use of the right concentration, as an increase in dosage was not always useful against resistant populations, while its reduction also diminished efficacy, simultaneously increasing the risk for the development of resistance.
（De Geer，1778）是全球家禽养殖业的一个主要问题，因为它几乎对所有饲养系统都产生负面影响。因此，控制寄生虫的侵袭已成为常规程序，其经济成本不断增加。到目前为止，大多数控制策略都依赖于使用合成化学药物，但由于抗螨种群的出现和扩散，其疗效经常受到质疑。考虑到这一点，通过测试 - 氯氟氰菊酯、双甲脒和辛硫磷对 2008 年至 2015 年从意大利同一数量的家禽养殖场收集的 86 个螨种群的疗效，验证了它们的疗效。试验采用滤纸法，按照推荐剂量、半剂量、四分之一剂量、双倍剂量和四倍剂量进行。结果表明，辛硫磷和双甲脒是最有效的杀螨剂（中位数疗效分别为 80.35%和 80.83%），但双甲脒在 2011 年和 2012 年疗效急剧下降，而辛硫磷一直保持高效，直到 2015 年下降。- 氯氟氰菊酯的总体中位数疗效为 58.33%。数据还强调了使用正确浓度的重要性，因为增加剂量并不总是对耐药种群有效，而降低剂量也会降低疗效，同时增加产生耐药性的风险。
