Hummel Karin, Nagelhout Gera E, Fong Geoffrey T, Vardavas Constantine I, Papadakis Sophia, Herbeć Aleksandra, Mons Ute, van den Putte Bas, Borland Ron, Fernández Esteve, de Vries Hein, McNeill Ann, Gravely Shannon, Przewoźniak Krzysztof, Kovacs Piroska, Trofor Antigona C, Willemsen Marc C
Department of Health Promotion, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Department of Family Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Tob Induc Dis. 2018;16(Suppl 2). doi: 10.18332/tid/98912.
There is clear evidence that the use of cessation aids significantly increases the likelihood of successful smoking cessation. The aim of this study was to examine quitting activity and use of cessation aids among smokers from various European countries. Subgroup differences were also examined for sex, income, education, and age in each country.
Cross-sectional data were collected in 2016 from 10,683 smokers in eight European countries participating in the ITC Project: England (n=3,536), Germany (n=1,003), Greece (n=1,000), Hungary (n=1,000), the Netherlands (n=1,136), Poland (n=1,006), Romania (n=1,001), and Spain (n=1,001). We measured quitting activity, including quit attempts in the previous 12 months and intention to quit, use of cessation aids (i.e., medication, quitlines, internet, local services, and e-cigarettes), and whether respondents had received advice about quitting and e-cigarettes from health professionals.
Quit attempts were most common in England (46.3%) and least common in Hungary (10.4%). Quit intention was highest in England and lowest in Greece. Use of e-cigarettes to quit was highest in England (51.6%) and lowest in Spain (5.0%). Use of cessation aids was generally low across all countries; in particular this was true for quitlines, internet-based support, and local services. Receiving health professional advice to quit was highest in Romania (56.5%), and lowest in Poland (20.8%); few smokers received advice about e-cigarettes from health professionals. No clear differences were found for sex and income groups. Across countries, smokers with lower education reported less quitting activity.
Quitting activity and use of cessation methods were low in most countries. Greater quit attempts and use of cessation aids were found in England, where large investments in tobacco control and smoking cessation have been made. Health professionals are important for motivating smokers to quit and promoting the effectiveness of various methods, but overall, few smokers get advice to quit.
有明确证据表明，使用戒烟辅助工具能显著提高成功戒烟的可能性。本研究的目的是调查来自欧洲各国吸烟者的戒烟行为及戒烟辅助工具的使用情况。同时还考察了每个国家在性别、收入、教育程度和年龄方面的亚组差异。
2016年收集了参与国际烟草控制项目的8个欧洲国家10683名吸烟者的横断面数据：英格兰（n = 3536）、德国（n = 1003）、希腊（n = 1000）、匈牙利（n = 1000）、荷兰（n = 1136）、波兰（n = 1006）、罗马尼亚（n = 1001）和西班牙（n = 1001）。我们测量了戒烟行为，包括过去12个月内的戒烟尝试和戒烟意愿、戒烟辅助工具的使用情况（即药物、戒烟热线、互联网、当地服务和电子烟），以及受访者是否从健康专业人员那里获得过关于戒烟和电子烟的建议。
戒烟尝试在英格兰最为常见（46.3%），在匈牙利最不常见（10.4%）。戒烟意愿在英格兰最高，在希腊最低。使用电子烟戒烟的比例在英格兰最高（51.6%），在西班牙最低（5.0%）。所有国家使用戒烟辅助工具的情况普遍较低；尤其是戒烟热线、基于互联网的支持和当地服务。从健康专业人员那里获得戒烟建议的比例在罗马尼亚最高（56.5%），在波兰最低（20.8%）；很少有吸烟者从健康专业人员那里获得关于电子烟的建议。在性别和收入群体方面未发现明显差异。在各个国家，受教育程度较低的吸烟者报告的戒烟行为较少。
大多数国家的戒烟行为和戒烟方法的使用情况较低。在英格兰发现了更多的戒烟尝试和戒烟辅助工具的使用，该国在烟草控制和戒烟方面投入了大量资金。健康专业人员对于激励吸烟者戒烟和提高各种方法的有效性很重要，但总体而言，很少有吸烟者得到戒烟建议。
