Department of Computer Science, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA.
Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Para, Belem-PA 66075-110, Brazil.
Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Jul 30;20(15):3730. doi: 10.3390/ijms20153730.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are the most common neurodegenerative disorders related to aging. Though several risk factors are shared between these two diseases, the exact relationship between them is still unknown. In this paper, we analyzed how these two diseases relate to each other from the genomic, epigenomic, and transcriptomic viewpoints. Using an extensive literature mining, we first accumulated the list of genes from major genome-wide association (GWAS) studies. Based on these GWAS studies, we observed that only one gene () was shared between AD and PD. A subsequent literature search identified a few other genes involved in these two diseases, among which SIRT1 seemed to be the most prominent one. While we listed all the miRNAs that have been previously reported for AD and PD separately, we found only 15 different miRNAs that were reported in both diseases. In order to get better insights, we predicted the gene co-expression network for both AD and PD using network analysis algorithms applied to two GEO datasets. The network analysis revealed six clusters of genes related to AD and four clusters of genes related to PD; however, there was very low functional similarity between these clusters, pointing to insignificant similarity between AD and PD even at the level of affected biological processes. Finally, we postulated the putative epigenetic regulator modules that are common to AD and PD.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）和帕金森病（PD）是与衰老相关的最常见的神经退行性疾病。尽管这两种疾病有几个共同的风险因素，但它们的确切关系仍不清楚。在本文中，我们从基因组、表观基因组和转录组的角度分析了这两种疾病之间的关系。通过广泛的文献挖掘，我们首先从主要全基因组关联（GWAS）研究中积累了基因列表。基于这些 GWAS 研究，我们观察到 AD 和 PD 之间只有一个基因（）共享。随后的文献搜索确定了这两种疾病涉及的其他一些基因，其中 SIRT1 似乎最为突出。虽然我们分别列出了以前报道过的 AD 和 PD 的所有 miRNA，但我们只发现了在两种疾病中都有报道的 15 个不同的 miRNA。为了获得更好的见解，我们使用应用于两个 GEO 数据集的网络分析算法对 AD 和 PD 进行了基因共表达网络预测。网络分析揭示了与 AD 相关的六个基因簇和与 PD 相关的四个基因簇；然而，这些簇之间的功能相似性非常低，这表明 AD 和 PD 之间即使在受影响的生物过程水平上也没有显著的相似性。最后，我们假设了 AD 和 PD 共有的潜在表观遗传调节模块。
