Department of Oncology/Hematology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Cancer Research Institute, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
Anticancer Res. 2019 Aug;39(8):4003-4010. doi: 10.21873/anticanres.13555.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated gastric cancer (GC) (EBVaGC) is classified as one of four GC subtypes by comprehensive molecular characterization. Though the mechanism of tumorigenesis by EBV infection has not yet been fully clarified, EBV infection might contribute to the malignant transformation of GC cells by involving various cellular processes and signaling pathways. EBVaGC has shown the following distinct characteristics in contrast to other subtypes: extreme DNA hypermethylation, recurrent phosphatidylinositol 4,5-biphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform (PIK3CA) mutations, overexpression of programmed cell death ligand 1/2 (PD-L1/2), and occasional immune cell signaling activation. Therefore, using these molecular features as guides, targeted agents need to be evaluated in clinical trials for EBVaGC. Accordingly, this review uses the best available evidence to focus on novel therapeutic approaches using the distinct pathologic characteristics of EBVaGC patients.
EB 病毒（EBV）相关胃癌（GC）（EBVaGC）通过全面的分子特征被归类为 GC 的四个亚型之一。尽管 EBV 感染的肿瘤发生机制尚未完全阐明，但 EBV 感染可能通过涉及各种细胞过程和信号通路促进 GC 细胞的恶性转化。与其他亚型相比，EBVaGC 具有以下明显特征：极度 DNA 高甲基化、磷脂酰肌醇 4,5-二磷酸 3-激酶催化亚单位α同种型（PIK3CA）突变频繁、程序性死亡配体 1/2（PD-L1/2）过表达以及偶尔的免疫细胞信号激活。因此，需要在临床试验中使用这些分子特征作为指导，评估针对 EBVaGC 的靶向药物。因此，本综述使用现有最佳证据，重点关注针对 EBVaGC 患者独特病理特征的新型治疗方法。
