Subclavian vein catheterisation for parenteral nutrition.

Two hundred and twenty-six central venous catheters were placed in 195 consecutive patients requiring central venous catheterisation for total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Of these 226 catheters, 198 were placed percutaneously into the subclavian vein by the infraclavicular route. In 99 consecutive subclavian catheter insertions, a 12G needle with introducing sheath was used to puncture the vein (Group 1). The Seldinger method of catheterisation was used in another 99 consecutive subclavian catheter insertions (Group 2), the vein being punctured with a 19G needle. Pneumothorax occurred on three occasions (3.0%) in Group 1 but did not occur in Group 2. However, there were two episodes of pleural extravasation in Group 2 (2.0%) which may have been due to guide wire perforation of a central vein; this complication did not occur in Group 1. Although the Seldinger technique of insertion should reduce the incidence of pneumothorax, care should be taken in passage of the guide wire.