IFAPA Centro Las Torres, 41200 Alcalá del Río, Sevilla, Spain.
Department of Plant Protection, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Phytopathology. 2019 Dec;109(12):2142-2151. doi: 10.1094/PHYTO-05-19-0173-R. Epub 2019 Nov 1.
is a soilborne fungus that is a pathogen to >100 plant species. It is the causal agent of crown and root rot in strawberry. We collected 100 isolates from diseased plants and soils from two distinct geographic areas of strawberry production in Spain: plant nurseries located in the north-central region of the country and fruit production fields located in the southwestern region. The aims of this study were to accurately identify the isolates within the species complex (FSSC) based on multilocus sequence typing, determine the genetic diversity and population structure of strawberry-associated FSSC based on phylogenetic analysis, and determine the vegetative compatibility among isolates in both strawberry production areas. Seven phylogenetic species, restricted to clade 3 of FSSC, were defined in the Spanish strawberry crops, showing a regional variation of species composition. Isolates from nurseries were composed of four phylogenetic species (i.e., FSSC 2, FSSC 5, FSSC 9, and an unknown FSSC species) that matched with five vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs). Isolates from fruit production fields included five phylogenetic species (i.e., FSSC 2, FSSC 3 + 4, FSSC 5, FSSC 6, and FSSC 11) distributed into 29 VCGs not correlated with phylogenetic groups. FSSC 5 and FSSC 2 were the most abundant species in nurseries and fruit production fields, respectively, and they were the only species present in both production areas. Of the 47 sequence-based haplotypes defined, no haplotypes were shared between nurseries and fruit production fields. Pathogenic isolates were present in all but FSSC 6 and FSSC 9 species, and FSSC 3 + 4 contained the higher percentage of pathogenic isolates. No relationship was observed between pathogenicity and the source of isolates (plant or soil). Generally, species present in fruit production fields showed higher genetic diversity than those present in nurseries. This work can contribute to understanding the diversity of this species complex in Spanish strawberry production areas, which will be useful for developing integrated disease management strategies.
是一种土传真菌，是 >100 种植物的病原体。它是草莓冠腐和根腐的病原体。我们从西班牙两个不同的草莓生产地区（位于该国中北部的苗圃和位于西南部的水果生产地）的患病植物和土壤中收集了 100 个分离株。本研究的目的是基于多位点序列分型准确鉴定种间复合体（FSSC）内的分离株，基于系统发育分析确定草莓相关 FSSC 的遗传多样性和种群结构，并确定两个草莓生产区分离株之间的营养亲和性。在西班牙草莓作物中定义了七个限定于 FSSC 第 3 组的系统发育种，表现出种组成的区域性变化。苗圃分离株由四个系统发育种组成（即 FSSC 2、FSSC 5、FSSC 9 和未知的 FSSC 种），与五个营养亲和群（VCG）相匹配。来自水果生产地的分离株包括五个系统发育种（即 FSSC 2、FSSC 3 + 4、FSSC 5、FSSC 6 和 FSSC 11）分布在 29 个与系统发育群无关的 VCG 中。FSSC 5 和 FSSC 2 分别是苗圃和水果生产地中最丰富的种，它们是仅存在于两个生产区的种。在定义的 47 个基于序列的单倍型中，没有单倍型在苗圃和水果生产地之间共享。所有分离株均存在致病性分离株，除了 FSSC 6 和 FSSC 9 种，FSSC 3 + 4 中包含更高比例的致病性分离株。在分离株的来源（植物或土壤）与致病性之间未观察到关系。一般来说，存在于水果生产地的种比存在于苗圃的种具有更高的遗传多样性。这项工作有助于了解西班牙草莓生产区中该种间复合体的多样性，这对于制定综合疾病管理策略将是有用的。
