Faculty of Education, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau.
Faculty of Education, Department of Elementary Education, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
PLoS One. 2019 Aug 1;14(8):e0218158. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218158. eCollection 2019.
Physical education professionals aim to develop quality programmes for physical education. This study aimed to develop and validate a scale using professionals' perceptions of Quality Physical Education QPE in Asia using twenty-four items regarding QPE quality issues. The items covered status and roles, development of educational elements and supportive features in physical education. A sample of N = 799 sport and physical education professionals from eleven Asian cities participated in this questionnaire survey. Twenty-four items relating to QPE were examined via exploratory factor analysis (EFA) using maximum likelihood extraction and direct oblimin rotation methods. Nevertheless, only 20 items were extracted following the EFA examination. Items 1, 9, 14 and 18 were excluded because of low factor loadings. The remaining items were clustered into four subscales: Development and Supportive Elements for Quality Physical Education in Schools (DSFQPE; α = .918), Core Values of Quality Physical Education (CVPE; α = .908), Curriculum Arrangement of Physical Activities (CAPA; α = .884) and Provision and Norms in Physical Education (PNPE; α = .865). The Cronbach's alpha coefficient (α = .875) indicated excellent internal consistency for the overall measure. Furthermore, the 4 retained factors from the EFA were assessed via robust confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The 4-factor model demonstrated a good fit with the data (CMIN/DF = 3.450, CFI = .928, TLI = .916, PCFI = .801, RMSEA = .078). The study identified a 4-factor structure with internal consistency and acceptable interfactor correlations. The structure seemed to be applicable, including the twenty items identified as useful and necessary tools for the framework of analysis in the investigation of diverse settings for the study of quality physical education.
体育专业人员旨在制定优质的体育教育计划。本研究旨在使用亚洲专业人员对优质体育教育(QPE)的看法,采用 24 个关于 QPE 质量问题的项目,开发和验证一个量表。这些项目涵盖了体育教育的地位和角色、教育要素的发展以及支持性特征。一个由来自亚洲 11 个城市的 799 名体育专业人员组成的样本参与了这项问卷调查。使用最大似然提取和直接 Oblimin 旋转方法对与 QPE 相关的 24 个项目进行了探索性因素分析(EFA)。然而,EFA 检查后仅提取了 20 个项目。由于因子负荷低,项目 1、9、14 和 18 被排除在外。剩下的项目被分为四个子量表:学校优质体育教育的发展和支持要素(DSFQPE;α=0.918)、优质体育教育的核心价值观(CVPE;α=0.908)、体育活动课程安排(CAPA;α=0.884)和体育教育的提供和规范(PNPE;α=0.865)。Cronbach 的 alpha 系数(α=0.875)表明整体测量具有极好的内部一致性。此外,通过稳健验证性因素分析(CFA)对 EFA 中的 4 个保留因素进行了评估。四因素模型与数据拟合良好(CMIN/DF=3.450,CFI=0.928,TLI=0.916,PCFI=0.801,RMSEA=0.078)。研究确定了一个具有内部一致性和可接受的因子间相关性的四因素结构。该结构似乎是适用的,包括确定的 20 个项目,这些项目被认为是分析框架中研究不同环境下优质体育教育的有用和必要工具。