Malcomson F C, Breininger S P, ElGendy K, Joel A, Ranathunga Rmtk, Hill T R, Bradburn D Michael, Turnbull D M, Greaves L C, Mathers J C
Human Nutrition Research Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
LLHW Centre for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Nutr Health. 2019 Sep;25(3):231-238. doi: 10.1177/0260106019866963. Epub 2019 Aug 2.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide. Age is the strongest non-modifiable risk factor but it is estimated that over half of CRC cases are linked with lifestyle factors such as diet. The Biomarkers Of RIsk of Colorectal Cancer (BORICC) Study recruited 363 participants in 2005 to investigate the effects of lifestyle factors on biomarkers of CRC risk.
In the present BORICC Follow-Up (BFU) Study, we are using a longitudinal study design to investigate the effects of ageing (12+ years) and lifestyle factors on biomarkers of CRC risk and on healthy ageing.
BFU Study participants attended a study visit at North Tyneside General Hospital (UK) for collection of biological samples, including blood and rectal biopsies, and information collected included anthropometric measurements, a Health & Medications Questionnaire, physical activity and sedentary behaviour, and habitual diet. Furthermore, musculoskeletal function was assessed by heel bone densitometry, timed up and go and hand grip strength as markers of healthy ageing. The BFU Study outcomes will be similar to those measured at baseline in the BORICC Study, such as DNA methylation and mitochondrial function, with additional measurements including the gut microbiome, faecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations and expression of genes associated with CRC.
Participants' recruitment to BFU Study and all sample and data collection have been completed. Forty-seven of the original BORICC participants were re-recruited to the BFU Study (mean age 67 years, 51% female). The recruits included 37 initially healthy participants and 10 participants who had adenomatous polyps at baseline. Approximately 70% of participants were over-weight or obese.
Ultimately, identifying lifestyle factors that can reduce CRC risk, and understanding the underlying mechanisms for the effects of lifestyle and ageing on CRC risk, could lead to early prevention strategies.
结直肠癌（CRC）是全球第三大常见癌症。年龄是最强的不可改变的风险因素，但据估计，超过一半的结直肠癌病例与饮食等生活方式因素有关。结直肠癌风险生物标志物（BORICC）研究在2005年招募了363名参与者，以调查生活方式因素对结直肠癌风险生物标志物的影响。
在目前的BORICC随访（BFU）研究中，我们采用纵向研究设计，以调查衰老（12年以上）和生活方式因素对结直肠癌风险生物标志物以及健康衰老的影响。
BFU研究的参与者在英国北泰恩赛德综合医院参加了一次研究访问，以采集生物样本，包括血液和直肠活检样本，收集的信息包括人体测量数据、健康与用药问卷、身体活动和久坐行为以及习惯性饮食。此外，通过足跟骨密度测定、计时起立行走测试和握力评估肌肉骨骼功能，作为健康衰老的标志物。BFU研究的结果将与BORICC研究基线时测量的结果相似，如DNA甲基化和线粒体功能，另外还包括肠道微生物群、粪便短链脂肪酸浓度以及与结直肠癌相关基因的表达等测量。
BFU研究的参与者招募以及所有样本和数据收集均已完成。最初的37名BORICC参与者重新参加了BFU研究（平均年龄67岁，51%为女性）。重新招募的参与者包括37名最初健康的参与者和10名在基线时有腺瘤性息肉的参与者。大约70%的参与者超重或肥胖。
最终，确定可降低结直肠癌风险的生活方式因素，并了解生活方式和衰老对结直肠癌风险影响的潜在机制，可能会带来早期预防策略。
