Laboratoire d'épidémiologie et de biostatistiques, Université Mohammed VI Polytechnique, Marrakech, Morocco.
Laboratoire CeRCA, CNRS 7295, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.
Suicide Life Threat Behav. 2020 Feb;50(1):201-210. doi: 10.1111/sltb.12578. Epub 2019 Aug 3.
The present study compared the ability of two contemporary theories of suicidal behavior-the interpersonal and escape theories of suicide-to predict suicidal ideation. The interpersonal theory proposes that the interaction of perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness predicts suicidal ideation. The escape theory proposes that feelings of failure predict suicidal ideation and that escape motivation mediates this relationship. The present study intended to determine which of the two theories more successfully explains suicidal ideation.
A sample of 306 students from elite schools in Morocco (193 women, M = 21.21 years, predominantly Muslims) completed a questionnaire assessing feelings of failure and escape motivation, perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness, suicide ideation, and control variables.
In line with previous research, separate tests revealed support for the two theories. Interestingly, when entered simultaneously in a multiple regression analysis, the two frameworks explained a unique and cumulative part of the variance in suicidal ideation. Moreover, the effects remained significant after controlling for past suicide attempts, depression, hopelessness, and stress.
The findings suggest that combining the interpersonal and escape theories of suicide could help better explain the emergence of suicidal ideation among college students.
本研究比较了两种当代自杀行为理论——人际和逃避自杀理论——预测自杀意念的能力。人际理论提出，感知到的累赘感和受挫的归属感的相互作用预测自杀意念。逃避理论提出，失败感预测自杀意念，逃避动机则调节这种关系。本研究旨在确定哪一种理论能更成功地解释自杀意念。
摩洛哥精英学校的 306 名学生（193 名女性，M = 21.21 岁，大多数为穆斯林）完成了一份问卷，评估失败感和逃避动机、感知到的累赘感和受挫的归属感、自杀意念以及控制变量。
与先前的研究一致，单独的测试表明这两种理论都得到了支持。有趣的是，当这两种框架同时被纳入多元回归分析时，它们解释了自杀意念的独特且累积的差异。此外，在控制了过去的自杀企图、抑郁、绝望和压力后，这些影响仍然显著。
研究结果表明，将人际和逃避自杀理论结合起来，可以帮助更好地解释大学生中自杀意念的出现。
