为什么精神障碍会兴盛和衰落：扩展生态位理论。

Why mental disorders flourish and wither: Extending the theory of ecological niches.

机构信息

The Australian National University, School of Sociology, Office 2178, Haydon Allen Building, Acton, ACT, 2601, Australia.

出版信息

Soc Sci Med. 2019 Sep;237:112445. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.112445. Epub 2019 Jul 25.

DOI:10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.112445

PMID:31376530

Abstract

Why do some mental illnesses emerge in certain times and places and later disappear? Because it integrates a wide array of social processes and relies on a strong epistemological position, Hacking's theory of ecological niches constitutes the most comprehensive and ambitious attempt to answer this question. However, this theory lacks a convincing definition of its research object ("transient mental illnesses"), a conceptualization of how individuals would "fall ill" as well as a solid methodological framework to form case studies. This article addresses these issues in order to propose an extended theory of ecological niches.

摘要

为什么有些精神疾病会在特定的时间和地点出现，而后又消失？由于它综合了一系列广泛的社会进程，并依赖于强有力的认识论立场，哈金的生态位理论构成了对这一问题最全面、最具野心的尝试性解答。然而，这一理论缺乏对其研究对象（“短暂性精神疾病”）的令人信服的定义，缺乏对个体如何“患病”的概念化，也缺乏形成案例研究的坚实方法论框架。本文旨在解决这些问题，提出一个扩展了的生态位理论。