Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.
Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.
Comp Biochem Physiol Part D Genomics Proteomics. 2019 Dec;32:100611. doi: 10.1016/j.cbd.2019.100611. Epub 2019 Jul 26.
Strongylocentrotus intermedius is an important commercial species of sea urchin distributed in the coastal waters of China. However, the metabolomic changes that accompany its gonadal growth and development stages remain unclear. In this study, we have histologically observed gonad growth stages, analyzed the fatty acid composition, and employed an untargeted metabolomic approach to investigate the metabolites associated with the gonadal growth and development of S. intermedius, as well as the biosynthesis and metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) at different stages and in different sexes. The gonad mass of sea urchin increased from 0.70 ± 0.18 g in January (at the recovering stage) to 8.78 ± 2.89 g in July (the reproductive stage), with the GSI increasing from 4.02 ± 0.88% to 16.86 ± 2.79%. We have analyzed 34 types of fatty acids, such as arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, etc., of which PUFAs were the dominant fatty acid class in this species, accounting for >48.55% of the total. In the metabolomic analysis, linolelaidic acid, sciadonic acid, cis-8,11,14,17-eicosatetraenoic acid, adrenic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, and tetracosapentaenoic acid were detected in the differentially expressed metabolites of the unsaturated fatty acids biosynthesis pathway. We found that the most significant functional pathways during gonadal growth and development were "arachidonic acid metabolism", "alpha-linolenic acid metabolism" and "linoleic acid metabolism", which are all related to fatty acid metabolism. These results will provide valuable information on the possible presence of both exogenous and endogenous fatty acids in sea urchin gonads and the metabolomic changes in S. intermedius during gonadal growth periods, and will further our understanding of the intermediary metabolism and the molecular bases of growth traits in this species.
中间球海胆是中国沿海重要的商业性海胆种类。然而，其性腺生长和发育阶段伴随的代谢组学变化尚不清楚。在这项研究中，我们通过组织学观察了性腺生长阶段，分析了脂肪酸组成，并采用非靶向代谢组学方法研究了与中间球海胆性腺生长和发育以及多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs）生物合成和代谢相关的代谢物，同时研究了不同阶段和不同性别的 PUFAs。海胆性腺质量从 1 月（恢复期）的 0.70±0.18g 增加到 7 月（繁殖期）的 8.78±2.89g，GSI 从 4.02±0.88%增加到 16.86±2.79%。我们分析了 34 种脂肪酸，如花生四烯酸、二十碳五烯酸等，其中 PUFAs 是该物种的主要脂肪酸类别，占总脂肪酸的>48.55%。在代谢组学分析中，亚油酸、山嵛酸、顺-8,11,14,17-二十碳四烯酸、二十二碳六烯酸、二十二碳五烯酸和二十四碳五烯酸在不饱和脂肪酸生物合成途径的差异表达代谢物中被检测到。我们发现，在性腺生长和发育过程中，最显著的功能途径是“花生四烯酸代谢”、“α-亚麻酸代谢”和“亚油酸代谢”，这些途径都与脂肪酸代谢有关。这些结果将为海胆性腺中可能存在的外源性和内源性脂肪酸以及中间球海胆在性腺生长期间的代谢组学变化提供有价值的信息，并进一步了解该物种的中间代谢和生长特征的分子基础。
