He Yingzhi, Li Jie, Wang Feifan, Na Wei, Tan Zhen
School of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
Animals (Basel). 2023 Jan 19;13(3):348. doi: 10.3390/ani13030348.
Gut microbiota and their metabolites play important roles in animal growth by influencing the host's intake, storage, absorption, and utilization of nutrients. In addition to environmental factors, mainly diet, chicken breed and growth stage also affect changes in the gut microbiota. However, little research has been conducted on the development of gut microbiota and its metabolites in local chickens. In this study, the cecal microbiota and metabolites in different developmental stages of Hainan Wenchang chickens (a native breed of Bantam) were investigated using 16S rRNA sequencing and untargeted metabolomics. With aging, the structure of gut microbiota tended to be more stable. The relative proportions of dominant bacteria phyla Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria showed stage changes with the development. With aging, gut microbiota and their metabolites may have structural and functional changes in response to nutrient metabolism and immune requirements in different physiological states. Several microbial and metabolic biomarkers with statistical differences were detected in different development stages. The bacteria that form networks with their significant related metabolites were different in various growth stages, including and . Partially differential bacteria were significantly correlated with short-chain fatty acids such as butyric acid. These findings may provide new insights into the physiological and molecular mechanisms of developmental changes of local chicken breeds, as well as resources for microbial and metabolic biomarker identification to improve growth efficiency.
肠道微生物群及其代谢产物通过影响宿主对营养物质的摄入、储存、吸收和利用，在动物生长中发挥重要作用。除环境因素（主要是饮食）外，鸡的品种和生长阶段也会影响肠道微生物群的变化。然而，关于地方鸡肠道微生物群及其代谢产物的发育研究较少。在本研究中，利用16S rRNA测序和非靶向代谢组学方法，对海南文昌鸡（一种矮脚本地品种）不同发育阶段的盲肠微生物群和代谢产物进行了研究。随着年龄增长，肠道微生物群结构趋于更稳定。优势菌门厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门和变形菌门的相对比例随发育呈现阶段性变化。随着年龄增长，肠道微生物群及其代谢产物可能会因不同生理状态下的营养代谢和免疫需求而发生结构和功能变化。在不同发育阶段检测到了几种具有统计学差异的微生物和代谢生物标志物。与它们显著相关的代谢产物形成网络的细菌在不同生长阶段有所不同，包括 和 。部分差异细菌与丁酸等短链脂肪酸显著相关。这些发现可能为地方鸡品种发育变化的生理和分子机制提供新的见解，也为鉴定提高生长效率的微生物和代谢生物标志物提供资源。
