Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Department of Energy and Technology, Box 7032, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden.
Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Department of Energy and Technology, Box 7032, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden.
Waste Manag. 2019 Aug 1;96:65-74. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2019.07.011. Epub 2019 Jul 15.
Fly larvae composting is an emerging waste treatment alternative with great potential to increase revenue from food waste management. For wider implementation, fly larvae composting has to be evaluated in comparison with conventional systems, based on direct greenhouse gas (GHG) emission data for the treatment process, which are currently limited. This study evaluated direct emissions of CO, CH, NO and NH from composting of food waste using black soldier fly (BSF) larvae (Hermetia illucens). Use of BSF larvae-associated bacteria in 7-day pre-treatment and seeding at larvae treatment start were evaluated and compared to larvae treatment without bacteria addition. The treatments were performed in a set of 14-day laboratory-scale experiments. Mean substrate reduction was 49 ± 8% and bioconversion ratio was 24 ± 8% (both dry matter basis). Direct GHG emissions from the fly larvae treatment process were generally very small, with emissions of CH and NO equivalent to 0.38 kg CO-equivalents per ton food waste treated assuming global warming potential over 100 years, while mean total CO emissions were 96 g CO per kg food waste treated. Additional emissions could be expected to occur in the pre-treatment process, which did not provide any significant improvement in bioconversion ratio or reduction in total GHG emissions during treatment. Similarly, use of BSF larvae-associated bacteria did not significantly improve process efficiency. No NH emissions were detected, as reflected in total N mass balance over the treatment cycle. The results show that total direct GHG emissions from food waste treatment by fly larvae composting are lower than those from conventional food waste treatment, and that pre-treatment and seeding of food waste with BSF larvae-associated bacteria do not further reduce total GHG emissions.
蝇蛆堆肥是一种新兴的废物处理方法，具有很大的潜力，可以增加食品废物管理的收入。为了更广泛的实施，蝇蛆堆肥必须与传统系统进行比较，根据处理过程的直接温室气体（GHG）排放数据进行评估，而目前这些数据是有限的。本研究评估了使用黑水虻（Hermetia illucens）幼虫堆肥处理食物废物时 CO、CH、NO 和 NH 的直接排放。评估并比较了在幼虫处理开始时使用 7 天预处理和接种黑水虻幼虫相关细菌与不添加细菌的幼虫处理。这些处理是在一组 14 天的实验室规模实验中进行的。平均基质减少量为 49±8%，生物转化率为 24±8%（均以干物质为基础）。蝇蛆处理过程中的直接 GHG 排放通常非常小，CH 和 NO 的排放相当于每吨处理的食物废物产生 0.38 公斤 CO 当量，假设全球变暖潜力超过 100 年，而平均总 CO 排放量为 96 克 CO 每公斤处理的食物废物。在预处理过程中可能会产生额外的排放，但这并没有显著提高生物转化率或减少处理过程中的总 GHG 排放。同样，使用黑水虻幼虫相关细菌也没有显著提高处理效率。在处理周期内，由于总氮质量平衡，没有检测到 NH 排放。结果表明，蝇蛆堆肥处理食物废物的总直接 GHG 排放量低于传统食物废物处理，并且用黑水虻幼虫相关细菌预处理和接种食物废物并不能进一步减少总 GHG 排放。
