Seeliger H P
Institute of Hygiene and Microbiology, University of Würzburg.
Infection. 1988;16 Suppl 2:S80-4. doi: 10.1007/BF01639726.
Although apparently observed before, the history of listeriosis dates back approximately 60 years. First known as a cause of epidemics and sporadic cases in some 50 species of animals, the disease appears now with increased frequency among human populations at risk. The causative agent Listeria monocytogenes is primarily a psychrophilic soil-borne bacterium with a wide pathogenic potential thus provoking primarily septicemia, meningitis and intrauterine infections. Recent observations indicate certain types of food being the principle vehicle for transmission of human listeriosis. This would parallel the epizootic situation in domestic animals. Further studies of the mechanisms leading to clinical and subclinical infections are just as necessary as reliable methods to determine the immunity status of individuals at risk.
尽管此前显然已有人观察到，但李斯特菌病的历史可追溯到约60年前。这种疾病最初被认为是约50种动物中流行病和散发病例的病因，现在在高危人群中出现的频率有所增加。致病因子单核细胞增生李斯特菌主要是一种嗜冷的土壤传播细菌，具有广泛的致病潜力，主要引发败血症、脑膜炎和宫内感染。最近的观察表明，某些类型的食物是人类李斯特菌病传播的主要载体。这与家畜中的动物流行病情况相似。进一步研究导致临床和亚临床感染的机制，以及确定高危个体免疫状态的可靠方法同样必要。
