Hitch Geeta
Department of Life Sciences (Pharmacy), University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9RH, UK.
Pharmacy (Basel). 2019 Aug 4;7(3):107. doi: 10.3390/pharmacy7030107.
International travel is growing and pharmacists are well placed to provide travel health services for the prevention and management of travellers' diarrhoea (TD). Legislation changes in many countries has enabled pharmacists to access prescription only medicines and vaccinations to provide advice and over the counter medicines for the prevention and management for travel health services; this makes sense since pharmacies are easily accessible to the public and are the patient's first port of call in the event of any illness. Currently, whilst many guidelines/guidance exist worldwide for the prevention and management of TD, there is no review that focuses on similarities and differences between these and between guidelines on TD and travel related and non-travel related acute diarrhoea. There is also a lack of publication on legislation and the need for evidence based training for all prescribers to provide travel health services. The aims of this work were to review guidelines/guidance for the prevention and management of TD from across the world which were compared with each other as were the TD guidelines compared to that for travel related and non-travel related acute diarrhoea for similarities and differences, with a focus on any relevant pharmacy legislation, needs assessments and training that may impact upon provision of travel health services by pharmacists focusing mainly on TD in adults. The PubMed, Google Scholar and Cochrane database were used to carry out an online search for publications on TD, acute diarrhoea and the guidance pharmacists have in the prevention and management of diarrhoea. The literature reviewed in this article indicates that where no specific guidelines/guidance existed, some pharmacists used the WHO guidelines (WHO), highlighting a need for local, regional and national evidence based guidelines in these countries.
国际旅行日益增多，药剂师具备为旅行者腹泻（TD）的预防和管理提供旅行健康服务的良好条件。许多国家的立法变革使药剂师能够获取处方药和疫苗，以便提供建议以及用于旅行健康服务预防和管理的非处方药；这是合理的，因为药店对公众来说很容易到达，而且在患者生病时是他们的首选求助对象。目前，虽然全球存在许多关于TD预防和管理的指南，但没有一项综述聚焦于这些指南之间以及TD指南与旅行相关和非旅行相关急性腹泻指南之间的异同。关于立法以及所有开处方者提供旅行健康服务所需的循证培训也缺乏相关出版物。这项工作的目的是综述来自世界各地的TD预防和管理指南，将它们相互比较，同时将TD指南与旅行相关和非旅行相关急性腹泻指南进行比较以找出异同，重点关注可能影响药剂师提供旅行健康服务（主要针对成人TD）的任何相关药房立法、需求评估和培训。使用PubMed、谷歌学术和考克兰数据库对关于TD、急性腹泻以及药剂师在腹泻预防和管理方面的指南的出版物进行在线搜索。本文综述的文献表明，在没有特定指南的地方，一些药剂师采用了世界卫生组织的指南（WHO），这凸显了这些国家对基于当地、区域和国家证据的指南的需求。
