Centre of Excellence in Biological Interactions Research, Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, PO Box 35, Jyväskylä, FI-40014, Finland.
Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, Svante Arrheniusväg 18b, SE-10691, Stockholm, Sweden.
Sci Rep. 2019 Aug 5;9(1):11320. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-47473-1.
Stress tolerance and adaptation to stress are known to facilitate species invasions. Many invasive species are also pests and insecticides are used to control them, which could shape their overall tolerance to stress. It is well-known that heavy insecticide usage leads to selection of resistant genotypes but less is known about potential effects of mild sublethal insecticide usage. We studied whether stressful, sublethal pyrethroid insecticide exposure has within-generational and/or maternal transgenerational effects on fitness-related traits in the Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) and whether maternal insecticide exposure affects insecticide tolerance of offspring. Sublethal insecticide stress exposure had positive within-and transgenerational effects. Insecticide-stressed larvae had higher adult survival and higher adult body mass than those not exposed to stress. Furthermore, offspring whose mothers were exposed to insecticide stress had higher larval and pupal survival and were heavier as adults (only females) than those descending from control mothers. Maternal insecticide stress did not explain differences in lipid content of the offspring. To conclude, stressful insecticide exposure has positive transgenerational fitness effects in the offspring. Therefore, unsuccessful insecticide control of invasive pest species may lead to undesired side effects since survival and higher body mass are known to facilitate population growth and invasion success.
众所周知，压力耐受和适应压力有助于物种入侵。许多入侵物种也是害虫，人们会使用杀虫剂来控制它们，这可能会影响它们对压力的整体耐受能力。众所周知，大量使用杀虫剂会导致抗药性基因型的选择，但人们对轻度亚致死杀虫剂使用的潜在影响知之甚少。我们研究了压力、亚致死拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂暴露是否会对科罗拉多马铃薯甲虫（Leptinotarsa decemlineata）的与适应性相关的特征产生代内和/或母代跨代影响，以及母体杀虫剂暴露是否会影响后代对杀虫剂的耐受性。亚致死杀虫剂胁迫暴露具有正向的代内和跨代效应。与未暴露于胁迫的幼虫相比，暴露于杀虫剂胁迫的幼虫具有更高的成虫存活率和更高的成虫体重。此外，其母亲暴露于杀虫剂胁迫的后代的幼虫和蛹存活率更高，成虫体重更重（仅雌性），而来自对照母亲的后代则没有这些变化。母体杀虫剂胁迫不能解释后代的脂质含量差异。总之，有压力的杀虫剂暴露对后代具有正向的跨代适应性影响。因此，入侵性害虫物种的不成功杀虫剂控制可能会产生不良的副作用，因为众所周知，存活率和更高的体重有助于种群增长和入侵成功。
