Ahmed Mohammed Ahmed A, Mohamedain Ahmed, Ali AbdelAziem A, Adam Ishag
Faculty of Medicine, Gadarif University, Gadarif, Sudan.
Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
Sudan J Paediatr. 2019;19(1):14-18. doi: 10.24911/SJP.106-1548830177.
While generally mild in children, rubella infection during pregnancy can lead to miscarriage, foetal death or congenital rubella syndrome. Rubella vaccination is not yet available as a part of routine immunisation in Sudan, and the burden of infection is unknown. Using the clinical case definition adopted by the World Health Organisation, a total of 123 children suspected of having of measles were enrolled in this study during January-December 2017 in Gadarif Hospital, Eastern Sudan. Those cases whose sera were negative for measles IgM antibodies were tested for rubella IgM antibody. A confirmed rubella case was a person who tested positive for rubella IgM. Sera were analysed for IgM specific antibodies against measles virus and rubella virus using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Among the total 123 children suspected to have measles, 92 (74.8%) children were positive for measles IgM antibodies. Of the 31 children who had measles IgM antibodies negative, 20 (16.3%) children were seropositive for rubella IgM antibodies. Implementation of a surveillance system will provide the improved estimates of rubella virus and estimated the burden of congenital rubella syndrome. Such information is necessary and it is an important step for future policy decisions for vaccine delivery strategies.
虽然风疹感染在儿童中通常症状较轻，但孕期感染风疹可导致流产、胎儿死亡或先天性风疹综合征。苏丹尚未将风疹疫苗接种纳入常规免疫，感染负担未知。采用世界卫生组织采用的临床病例定义，2017年1月至12月期间，苏丹东部加达里夫医院共有123名疑似麻疹患儿参与了本研究。对麻疹IgM抗体血清检测呈阴性的病例进行风疹IgM抗体检测。确诊风疹病例为风疹IgM检测呈阳性的人。采用酶联免疫吸附测定法分析血清中针对麻疹病毒和风疹病毒的IgM特异性抗体。在总共123名疑似麻疹患儿中，92名（74.8%）儿童麻疹IgM抗体呈阳性。在31名麻疹IgM抗体呈阴性的儿童中，20名（16.3%）儿童风疹IgM抗体血清学呈阳性。实施监测系统将提高对风疹病毒的估计，并评估先天性风疹综合征的负担。此类信息是必要的，也是未来疫苗接种策略政策决策的重要一步。
