3D 打印手部外骨骼在脑卒中患者中的测试：案例研究。
Testing of a 3D printed hand exoskeleton for an individual with stroke: a case study.
机构信息
Department of Biomechanics, University of Nebraska, Omaha, NE, USA.
Division of Physical Therapy Education, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
出版信息
Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol. 2021 Feb;16(2):209-213. doi: 10.1080/17483107.2019.1646823. Epub 2019 Aug 6.
INTRODUCTION
Many individuals with stroke still have functional difficulties with their affected hand after going through a rehabilitation program. A 3D printed upper limb exoskeleton was designed for an individual who had a stroke. Functional and neuromuscular outcomes were measured using his affected hand with and without a 3D printed passive exoskeleton. The goal of this study was to determine the functional and neuromuscular changes induced by the 3D printed exoskeleton in a participant with stroke.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The functional ability of the exoskeleton was assessed using the Fugl-Meyer Assessment and the Box and Block Test. Strength testing and muscle activation of the participant's forearms were measured during maximal voluntary contractions. Furthermore, EMG was measured during the Box and Block Test and satisfaction and usability of the 3D printed exoskeleton were assessed using standardized questionnaires.
RESULTS
The exoskeleton improved both the participant's Fugl-Meyer Assessment scores and Box and Block test scores compared to not wearing the device. The subject had increased EMG activation in his extensor when wearing the exoskeleton.
CONCLUSION
The inexpensive 3D printed exoskeleton was effective in assisting the participant with stroke during the functional assessments and has the potential to be used to help regain function of the hand in the home setting of an individual with stroke.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONA 3D printed passive hand exoskeleton may assist to accomplish rehabilitation outcomes by increasing function of the affected hand of patients with stroke.The use of this hand exoskeleton may be used to improve gross hand dexterity and assist with functional grasps during rehabilitation sessions with a lower patient's level of perceived exertion.The use of new antimicrobial 3D printing polymers can be effectively implemented to manufacture assistive devices to prevent skin infections during rehabilitation.
简介
许多中风患者在接受康复治疗后，其患手仍存在功能障碍。本文为一位中风患者设计了一款 3D 打印上肢外骨骼。使用患者的患手评估了 3D 打印被动外骨骼有无对其功能和神经肌肉功能的影响。本研究旨在确定 3D 打印外骨骼对中风患者的功能和神经肌肉变化的影响。
材料与方法
使用 Fugl-Meyer 评估和“盒-块”测试评估外骨骼的功能能力。在最大自主收缩期间测量参与者前臂的力量测试和肌肉激活。此外，在“盒-块”测试期间测量肌电图，使用标准化问卷评估 3D 打印外骨骼的满意度和可用性。
结果
与不佩戴设备相比，外骨骼可提高患者的 Fugl-Meyer 评估评分和“盒-块”测试评分。佩戴外骨骼时，患者的伸肌肌电图激活增加。
结论
这款廉价的 3D 打印外骨骼在功能评估中有效地辅助中风患者，并且有可能在家中帮助中风患者恢复手部功能。
对康复的意义
3D 打印被动手部外骨骼可通过增加中风患者患手的功能来辅助完成康复目标。使用这种手部外骨骼可以改善上肢的整体灵巧度，并在康复过程中辅助完成功能性抓握，同时降低患者的感知用力水平。使用新的抗菌 3D 打印聚合物可以有效地制造辅助设备，以预防康复期间的皮肤感染。
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