Rubio-Meléndez María E, Barrios-SanMartin Joceline, Pina-Castro Felipe E, Figueroa Christian C, Ramirez Claudio C
Centre for Molecular and Functional Ecology in Agroecosystems, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Maule, Chile.
Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Maule, Chile.
PeerJ. 2019 Jul 26;7:e7366. doi: 10.7717/peerj.7366. eCollection 2019.
Aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) are insects with one of the highest potentials for invasion. Several aphid species are present globally due to introduction events; they represent important pests of agroecosystems. The bird cherry-oat aphid (Linnaeus) is a major pest of cereals and pasture grasses worldwide. Here, we report the genetic features of populations of that colonize different cereal crops in central Chile.
individuals were collected in central Chile and genotyped at six microsatellite loci. The most frequent multilocus genotype (MLG) was then studied further to assess its reproductive performance across cereal hosts under laboratory conditions.
Populations of in Chile are characterized by a low clonal diversity (/ = 62/377 = 0.16) and the overrepresentation of a few widely distributed MLGs. One of the MLGs constituted roughly half of the sample and was observed in all sampled populations at high frequencies. Furthermore, this putative aphid "superclone" exhibited variations in its reproductive performance on cereals most commonly cultivated in Chile. The sampled populations also exhibited weak signs of genetic differentiation among hosts and localities. Our findings suggest that (1) obligate parthenogenesis is the primary reproductive mode of in Chile in the sampled range and (2) its introduction involved the arrival of a few genotypes that multiplied asexually.
蚜虫（半翅目：蚜科）是入侵潜力极高的昆虫之一。由于引入事件，全球存在多种蚜虫物种；它们是农业生态系统中的重要害虫。禾谷缢管蚜（林奈）是全球谷类作物和牧草的主要害虫。在此，我们报告了智利中部定殖于不同谷类作物上的禾谷缢管蚜种群的遗传特征。
在智利中部采集个体，并对六个微卫星位点进行基因分型。然后对最常见的多位点基因型（MLG）进行进一步研究，以评估其在实验室条件下在不同谷类寄主上的繁殖性能。
智利的禾谷缢管蚜种群具有克隆多样性低（/ = 62/377 = 0.16）以及少数广泛分布的MLG过度代表的特征。其中一个MLG约占样本的一半，并且在所有采样种群中都以高频率出现。此外，这种假定的蚜虫“超级克隆”在智利最常种植的谷类作物上的繁殖性能存在差异。采样种群在寄主和地点之间也表现出微弱的遗传分化迹象。我们的研究结果表明：（1）专性孤雌生殖是智利采样范围内禾谷缢管蚜的主要繁殖方式；（2）其引入涉及少数通过无性繁殖增殖的基因型的到来。
