Lady Davis Research Institute, Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, and Division of Endocrinology, Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Côte Ste-Catherine, H-450, Montreal, QC, H3T 1E2, Canada.
McGill University School of Human Nutrition, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada.
Curr Diab Rep. 2019 Aug 6;19(9):80. doi: 10.1007/s11892-019-1204-8.
Diabetes affects an increasing number of pregnancies. Regular exercise is recommended for pregnant women without diabetes, but whether exercise during pregnancy also benefits women with gestational diabetes (GDM) or preexisting (type 1 or type 2) diabetes or if these women have any specific risks is unclear.
Recent evidence suggests that low- to moderate-intensity exercise improves blood glucose and may delay insulin initiation for women with GDM. Exercise is also safe, with no reports of increased maternal or neonatal complications. Few studies evaluated exercise as adjunct therapy for pregnant women with preexisting diabetes, precluding a thorough assessment in this population. Low- to moderate-intensity exercise during pregnancy safely improves glycemic control among women with GDM. More studies are needed to evaluate the impact of exercise in pregnant women with preexisting diabetes. Whether a specific type, volume, or timing of activity is most effective is not known.
糖尿病影响着越来越多的妊娠。对于无糖尿病的孕妇，建议定期运动，但妊娠期间运动是否对患有妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）或既往（1 型或 2 型）糖尿病的女性有益，或者这些女性是否存在任何特殊风险尚不清楚。
最近的证据表明，低至中等强度的运动可改善血糖，并可能延迟 GDM 女性的胰岛素起始时间。运动也是安全的，没有增加母体或新生儿并发症的报告。很少有研究将运动作为患有既往糖尿病的孕妇的辅助治疗进行评估，因此无法对该人群进行全面评估。妊娠期间进行低至中等强度的运动可安全地改善 GDM 女性的血糖控制。需要更多的研究来评估运动对患有既往糖尿病的孕妇的影响。哪种特定类型、运动量或活动时间最有效尚不清楚。
