Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, USA.
University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA.
Eat Weight Disord. 2020 Oct;25(5):1151-1159. doi: 10.1007/s40519-019-00743-3. Epub 2019 Aug 6.
Eating behaviors are a contributor to obesity, yet more research is needed examining time varying and time-invariant factors associated with food consumption. Psychological eating factors (e.g., restraint, disinhibition, and susceptibility to hunger) and affect have been associated with obesity and diet. However, less is known about how psychological eating factors and affect are associated with food consumption assessed in daily life. The purpose of this study was to examine associations among psychological eating factors, affect, and food consumption using ecological momentary assessment (EMA) in a non-clinical sample of college students.
Young adults (N = 30; M = 21) completed traditional self-report measures of psychological eating factors and usual dietary intake and EMA measures of food consumption and affect.
Momentary negative affect was associated with greater sugary beverage consumption, and sugary food consumption in the past 2.5 h was associated with report of higher current negative affect. Susceptibility to hunger, disinhibited and emotional eating, and baseline unhealthy eating were positively related to sugary food consumption. Lower susceptibility to hunger was associated with more sugary beverage intake. Finally, increased aggregate EMA negative affect and positive affect were related to increased fruit consumption, and lower susceptibility to hunger and baseline unhealthy eating were associated with vegetable consumption.
Results provide support for the role of time varying and invariant factors in predicting eating behaviors in daily life; both may be important to consider in obesity prevention and intervention. Particularly, ecological momentary interventions targeting affective states in individuals' daily lives may be useful for changing food intake.
Level IV, multiple time series.
饮食行为是导致肥胖的一个因素，但仍需要更多研究来检验与食物消费相关的时变和时不变因素。心理进食因素（如抑制、放纵和易饥饿）和情绪与肥胖和饮食有关。然而，对于心理进食因素和情绪如何与日常生活中的食物消费相关，我们知之甚少。本研究的目的是通过对大学生的非临床样本进行生态瞬时评估（EMA），检验心理进食因素、情绪与食物消费之间的关系。
青年成年人（N=30；M=21）完成了心理进食因素、常规饮食摄入的传统自我报告测量以及食物消费和情绪的 EMA 测量。
瞬时负性情绪与含糖饮料消费增加有关，过去 2.5 小时内的含糖食物消费与当前负性情绪更高有关。饥饿易感性、放纵和情绪性进食以及基线不健康饮食与含糖食物消费呈正相关。较低的饥饿易感性与更多的含糖饮料摄入有关。最后，总 EMA 负性情绪和正性情绪增加与水果摄入增加有关，而较低的饥饿易感性和基线不健康饮食与蔬菜摄入有关。
研究结果为预测日常生活中进食行为的时变和不变因素的作用提供了支持；在肥胖预防和干预中，两者都可能是重要的考虑因素。特别是针对个体日常生活中情绪状态的生态瞬时干预可能有助于改变食物摄入。
四级，多个时间序列。
