George Warren Brown School of Social Work, Washington University in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, MO, USA.
College of Health and Human Services, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA.
Aging Ment Health. 2020 Oct;24(10):1579-1588. doi: 10.1080/13607863.2019.1650888. Epub 2019 Aug 7.
Focusing on unique ageing populations in subsidized senior housing for lower-income older adults, this study contributes to literature on housing and aging; provides initial understanding of existing housing types; and explores the extent to which living in different housing types may influence changes in cognitive function and likelihood of nursing home admission. Data came from seven waves (2002-2014) of the Health and Retirement Study. A latent-class clustering approach was used to identify senior-housing types among lower-income older people; We identified four discernible housing types among lower-income older adults: (1) High physical & Low service, (2) Low physical & Low service, (3) High physical & High service, and (4) Medium physical & High service. Individuals in Medium physical & High service and High physical & Low service types were likely to have higher cognitive-function levels at baseline ( = 0.58, < .001; 0.58, < .001) and slower rates of decline over time ( = 0.42, < .001; = 0.32, < .01). Older adults in High physical & High service are significantly less likely to be admitted to a nursing home (OR = 0.55, < .00). The mismatch between health needs and lack of service and support suggests that current residents in each housing type relocate, based on knowledge of subsidized housing or availability. Future studies should examine possible mismatches between health needs and housing environment.
本研究聚焦于为低收入老年群体提供补贴的高级住房中的独特老年群体，为住房和老龄化研究领域做出了贡献；提供了对现有住房类型的初步了解；并探讨了居住在不同住房类型中对认知功能变化和入住养老院的可能性的影响程度。数据来自健康与退休研究的七个波次（2002-2014 年）。采用潜在类别聚类方法确定低收入老年人的高级住房类型；我们在低收入老年人中确定了四种不同的住房类型：（1）高物理性和低服务性，（2）低物理性和低服务性，（3）高物理性和高服务性，以及（4）中物理性和高服务性。中物理性和高服务性以及高物理性和低服务性类型的个体在基线时更有可能具有较高的认知功能水平（=0.58，<0.001；=0.58，<0.001），并且随着时间的推移认知功能下降的速度较慢（=0.42，<0.001；=0.32，<0.01）。高物理性和高服务性的老年人入住养老院的可能性显著降低（OR=0.55，<0.00）。健康需求与服务和支持的缺乏之间不匹配，表明每种住房类型的现有居民都应根据对补贴住房的了解或可用性进行搬迁。未来的研究应研究健康需求与住房环境之间可能存在的不匹配。
