Ferreira Júnior Sérgio, Francisco Priscila Maria Stolses Bergamo, Nogueira Péricles Alves
Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo. Av. Dr. Arnaldo 715, Cerqueira César. 01246-904 São Paulo SP Brasil.
Departamento de Saúde Coletiva, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Campinas SP Brasil.
Cien Saude Colet. 2019 Aug 5;24(8):3025-3036. doi: 10.1590/1413-81232018248.25212017.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding tuberculosis (TB) among transvestites and transsexual women. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a convenience sample (n = 124; 58 transvestites and 66 transsexuals) in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, in 2014 and involved the administration of the Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices questionnaire. Absolute and relative frequencies were calculated for all variables and the comparisons of percentage distributions between groups were performed using Pearson's Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test or its generalization, with a 5% significance level. Most participants were young and non-white. Transvestites had lower levels of schooling, reported more passages through the prison system and declared themselves to be sex workers more frequently. Little more than half of the participants were aware that treatment for TB was free of charge. Knowledge on TB was modest, permeated with misunderstandings regarding signs/symptoms, transmission and prevention, which influence attitudes and practices in relation to the disease. The findings demonstrate that health education actions do not achieve their goals in the control of tuberculosis.
本研究的目的是评估易装癖者和变性女性对结核病（TB）的知识、态度和行为。2014年，在巴西圣保罗市对一个便利样本（n = 124；58名易装癖者和66名变性者）进行了一项横断面研究，研究内容包括发放知识、态度和行为调查问卷。计算了所有变量的绝对频率和相对频率，并使用Pearson卡方检验、Fisher精确检验或其推广方法对组间百分比分布进行比较，显著性水平为5%。大多数参与者为年轻人且非白人。易装癖者受教育程度较低，有更多次进出监狱系统的经历，且更频繁地宣称自己是性工作者。略多于一半的参与者知晓结核病治疗是免费的。关于结核病的知识水平一般，对体征/症状、传播和预防存在诸多误解，这影响了对该疾病的态度和行为。研究结果表明，健康教育行动在结核病控制方面未达成目标。
