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饲料添加剂混合物对热应激肉鸡的影响。

Effects of a feed additive blend on broilers challenged with heat stress.

机构信息

Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Division of Veterinary Pharmacy, Pharmacotherapy and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University , Utrecht , Netherlands.

Animal Sciences Post-graduation Program, Federal University of Pará , Belém , Pará , Brazil.

出版信息

Avian Pathol. 2019 Dec;48(6):582-601. doi: 10.1080/03079457.2019.1648750. Epub 2019 Aug 7.

Abstract

We evaluated a blend of medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA), organic acids, and a polyphenol antioxidant on gut integrity. Eighty Ross Broilers were exposed to 20-22°C (control - normothermic) or to 35-39.5°C (heat stress) for eight hours a day for a period of 1 or 5 days. Birds were fed a standard diet, or a diet supplemented with the test blend. Thereafter, birds were euthanized, and intestinal sections were excised for morphological, morphometric and gene expression analyses. Blood samples were collected for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity and trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) determination. Heart and liver tissues were used to quantify the expression of heat shock proteins 60 and 70 (HSP60 and HSP70, respectively) and inhibitor of kappa light chain gene enhancer in B cells alpha (IKBA). The jejunum was the most sensitive intestinal section, where heat stress modulated the expression of HSP70, of the inflammatory markers IKBA, interleukin 8 (IL-8), interferon gamma (IFNγ), and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Moreover, expression of tight junctions (CLDN1, ZO1 and ZO2) and nutrient transporters (PEPT1 and EAAT3) was modulated especially in the jejunum. In conclusion, the feed additive blend protected intestines during heat stress from the decrease in villus height and crypt depth, and from the increase in villus width. Especially in the jejunum, heat stress played an important role by modulating oxidative stress and inflammation, impairing gut integrity and nutrient transport, and such deleterious effects were alleviated by the feed additive blend. Jejunum is the most sensitive intestinal segment during heat stress. Heat stress affects the expression of tight junctions and nutrient transporters. Feed management helps to alleviate the disturbances caused by heat stress. A blend of MCFA, organic acids and a polyphenol protects broilers under heat stress.

摘要

我们评估了中链脂肪酸 (MCFA)、有机酸和多酚抗氧化剂混合物对肠道完整性的影响。80 只罗斯肉鸡每天暴露在 20-22°C(对照-常温)或 35-39.5°C(热应激)下 8 小时,持续 1 或 5 天。鸡群饲喂标准日粮或添加试验混合物的日粮。之后,处死鸡群,切除肠道段进行形态学、形态计量学和基因表达分析。采集血液样本用于测定葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶 (G6PD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GSH-Px) 活性和 Trolox 等效抗氧化能力 (TEAC)。使用心脏和肝脏组织来定量测定热休克蛋白 60 和 70(HSP60 和 HSP70)以及 B 细胞κ轻链基因增强子抑制剂α(IKBA)的表达。空肠是最敏感的肠道段,热应激调节 HSP70、炎症标志物 IKBA、白细胞介素 8 (IL-8)、干扰素 γ (IFNγ) 和 Toll 样受体 4 (TLR4) 的表达。此外,紧密连接 (CLDN1、ZO1 和 ZO2) 和营养转运蛋白 (PEPT1 和 EAAT3) 的表达也在空肠中受到调节。总之,饲料添加剂混合物在热应激期间保护肠道免受绒毛高度和隐窝深度降低以及绒毛宽度增加的影响。尤其是在空肠中,热应激通过调节氧化应激和炎症、损害肠道完整性和营养物质转运来发挥重要作用,而这些有害影响可通过饲料添加剂混合物得到缓解。空肠是热应激时最敏感的肠道段。热应激影响紧密连接和营养转运蛋白的表达。饲养管理有助于缓解热应激引起的干扰。中链脂肪酸、有机酸和多酚的混合物可保护热应激下的肉鸡。

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