Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China.
J Mater Chem B. 2019 Aug 7;7(31):4763-4770. doi: 10.1039/c9tb01154d.
Nanomaterial-mediated phototherapy, including photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT), is an effective anticancer intervention that relies on light activation of photoactive nanomaterials localized in tumors. Recently, combinational PDT/PTT offered a practical pathway to relieve resistance of monotherapy, surmount undesirable side effects and provide a synergistic effect to enhance phototherapeutic efficiency. Herein, we report a facile strategy to integrate protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) into nanoscale metal-organic frameworks (NMOFs) and control their photoactive properties for combinational cancer PDT and PTT. With optimized PpIX conjugation, the as-fabricated nanoparticles (nPCU NPs) exhibit (1) improved dispersibility and particle stability, (2) simultaneous generation of reactive oxygen species and heat effectively through activation by a single-wavelength laser of 635 nm, and (3) maintenance of porosity for further application as drug delivery vehicles. Moreover, in vitro investigation of nPCU NPs demonstrates effective cellular uptake, successful endosomal escape and enhanced phototherapeutic efficacy under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Therefore, this study developed a novel type of phototherapeutic nanoplatform with optimal properties for applicable cancer phototherapy.
纳米材料介导的光疗，包括光动力疗法（PDT）和光热疗法（PTT），是一种有效的抗癌干预方法，依赖于光激活定位于肿瘤中的光活性纳米材料。最近，联合 PDT/PTT 为缓解单一疗法的耐药性、克服不良副作用以及提供协同作用以提高光疗效率提供了一种实用途径。在此，我们报告了一种简便的策略，即将原卟啉 IX（PpIX）整合到纳米级金属有机框架（NMOFs）中，并控制其光活性，用于联合癌症 PDT 和 PTT。通过优化的 PpIX 缀合，所制备的纳米粒子（nPCU NPs）表现出（1）改善的分散性和颗粒稳定性，（2）通过 635nm 单波长激光有效同时产生活性氧和热量，以及（3）保持多孔性，可进一步用作药物输送载体。此外，nPCU NPs 的体外研究表明，在常氧和缺氧条件下，其具有有效的细胞摄取、成功的内涵体逃逸和增强的光疗效果。因此，本研究开发了一种新型的光疗纳米平台，具有适用于癌症光疗的最佳特性。
