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基于金属有机骨架的光动力疗法治疗癌症的最新进展。

Recent Progress of Metal-Organic Framework-Based Photodynamic Therapy for Cancer Treatment.

机构信息

Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, People's Republic of China.

出版信息

Int J Nanomedicine. 2022 May 23;17:2367-2395. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S362759. eCollection 2022.

DOI:10.2147/IJN.S362759
PMID:35637838
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9144878/
Abstract

Photodynamic therapy (PDT), combining photosensitizers (PSs) and excitation light at a specific wavelength to produce toxic reactive oxygen species, has been a novel and promising approach to cancer treatment with non-invasiveness, spatial specificity, and minimal systemic toxicity, compared with conventional cancer treatment. Recently, numerous basic research and clinical research have demonstrated the potential of PDT in the treatment of a variety of malignant tumors, such as esophageal cancer, bladder cancer, and so on. Metal-organic framework (MOF) has been developed as a new type of nanomaterial with the advantages of high porosity, large specific surface area, adjustable pore size, and easy functionalization, which could serve as carriers to load PSs or increase the accumulation of PSs in target cells during PDT. Moreover, active MOFs have the potential to construct multifunctional systems, which are conducive to refining the tumor microenvironment (TME) and implementing combination therapy to improve PDT efficacy. Hence, a comprehensive and in-depth depiction of the whole scene of the recent development of MOFs-based PDT in cancer treatment is desirable. This review summarized the recent research strategies of MOFs-based PDT in antitumor therapy from the perspective of MOFs functions, including active MOFs, inactive MOFs, and their further combination therapies in clinical antitumor treatment. In addition, the bottlenecks and obstacles in the application of MOFs in PDT are also described.

摘要

光动力疗法（PDT）结合光敏剂（PS）和特定波长的激发光产生有毒的活性氧，与传统癌症治疗相比，具有非侵入性、空间特异性和最小的全身毒性，是一种新颖且有前途的癌症治疗方法。最近，大量的基础研究和临床研究表明 PDT 在治疗各种恶性肿瘤方面具有潜力，例如食管癌、膀胱癌等。金属有机骨架（MOF）作为一种新型纳米材料，具有高孔隙率、大比表面积、可调节孔径和易于功能化等优点，可用作载体来负载 PS 或增加 PS 在 PDT 过程中向靶细胞的积累。此外，活性 MOFs 具有构建多功能系统的潜力，有利于改善肿瘤微环境（TME）并实施联合治疗以提高 PDT 疗效。因此，全面深入地描述 MOFs 在癌症治疗中 PDT 的最新发展全景是很有必要的。本综述从 MOFs 的功能角度，包括活性 MOFs、非活性 MOFs 及其在临床抗肿瘤治疗中的进一步联合治疗，总结了基于 MOFs 的 PDT 在抗肿瘤治疗中的最新研究策略。此外，还描述了 MOFs 在 PDT 应用中的瓶颈和障碍。

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