Section of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine at St Louis, St Louis, Missouri.
Department of General Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospitals, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
JAMA Surg. 2019 Oct 1;154(10):952-958. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2019.2985.
To our knowledge, there has been little research conducted on the attitudes of residents toward their pregnant peers and parental leave.
To examine the perceptions of current surgery residents regarding parental leave.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A 36-item survey was distributed to current US general surgery residents and residents in surgical subspecialties through the Association of Program Directors in Surgery listserv and social media platforms. Questions were associated with general information/demographics, parental leave, having children, and respondents' knowledge regarding the current parental leave policy as set by the American Board of Surgery. The study was conducted from August to September 2018 and the data were analyzed in October 2018.
Main outcomes included the attitudes of residents toward pregnancy and parental leave, parental leave policy, and the association of parental leave with residency programs.
A total of 2188 completed responses were obtained; of these, 1049 (50.2%) were women, 1572 (75.8%) were white, 164 (7.9%) were Hispanic/Latinx, 75 (3.6%) were African American, 2 (0.1%) were American Indian or Alaskan Native, 263 (12.7%) were Asian, and 5 (0.2%) were Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander. From the number of residents who had/were expecting children (581 [28.6%]), 474 (81.6%) had or were going to have a child during the clinical years of residency. Many residents (247 [42.5%]) took fewer than 2 weeks of parental leave. Many residents did not feel supported in taking parental leave (177 [30.4%] did not feel supported by other residents and 190 [32.71%] did not feel supported by the faculty). Only 83 respondents (3.8%%) correctly identified the current American Board of Surgery parental leave policy. Residents who took parental leave identified a lack of a universal leave policy, strain on the residency program, a loss of education/training time, a lack of flexibility of programs, and a perceived or actual lack of support from faculty/peers as the top 5 biggest obstacles to taking leave during the clinical years of residency.
Most of the modifiable factors that inhibit residents from having children during residency are associated with policies (eg, a lack of universal leave policy and lack of flexibility) and personnel (eg, a strain on the residency program and lack of support from peers/faculty). These data suggest that policies at the level of the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education or Resident Review Committee (RRC), as well as education and the normalization of pregnancy during training, may be effective interventions.
据我们所知，针对住院医师对其怀孕同行和育儿假的态度的研究很少。
调查当前外科住院医师对育儿假的看法。
设计、地点和参与者：通过程序主任协会外科名单服务和社交媒体平台向当前的美国普通外科住院医师和外科专业住院医师分发了一份包含 36 个项目的调查。问题与一般信息/人口统计学、育儿假、有孩子以及受访者对美国外科学委员会目前育儿假政策的了解有关。该研究于 2018 年 8 月至 9 月进行，数据于 2018 年 10 月进行分析。
主要结果包括住院医师对怀孕和育儿假、育儿假政策的态度，以及育儿假与住院医师计划的关联。
共获得 2188 份完整回复；其中，1049 名（50.2%）为女性，1572 名（75.8%）为白人，164 名（7.9%）为西班牙裔/拉丁裔，75 名（3.6%）为非裔美国人，2 名（0.1%）为美国印第安人或阿拉斯加原住民，263 名（12.7%）为亚洲人，5 名（0.2%）为夏威夷原住民或太平洋岛民。在有/期望孩子的居民人数中（581 名[28.6%]），474 名（81.6%）在住院医师临床期间有或即将有孩子。许多住院医师（247 [42.5%]）只休少于 2 周的育儿假。许多住院医师在休育儿假时感到不被支持（177 [30.4%] 不被其他住院医师支持，190 [32.71%] 不被教员支持）。只有 83 名受访者（3.8%）正确识别了当前美国外科学委员会的育儿假政策。休育儿假的住院医师认为缺乏普遍的休假政策、住院医师计划紧张、教育/培训时间减少、计划缺乏灵活性以及教员/同行缺乏支持是住院医师临床期间休假的前 5 大障碍。
大多数抑制住院医师在住院期间生育的可修改因素都与政策（例如缺乏普遍休假政策和缺乏灵活性）和人员（例如住院医师计划紧张和缺乏同行/教员支持）有关。这些数据表明，研究生医学教育认证委员会或住院医师审查委员会（RRC）一级的政策，以及培训期间的教育和怀孕正常化，可能是有效的干预措施。
