Ren Zhibin, Fu Yao, Du Yunxia, Zhao Hongbo
Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China.
Key Research Institute of Yellow River Civilization and Sustainable Development & Collaborative Innovation Center on Yellow River Civilization of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.
PeerJ. 2019 Aug 2;7:e7424. doi: 10.7717/peerj.7424. eCollection 2019.
China is considered as the largest and most rapidly urbanizing nation in the world. However, possible changes of urban thermal environment and comfort under the rapid urbanization in China still remain poorly understood at a national scale.
Based on the data collected from 180 cities in 1990, 2005, and 2015 in China, the spatiotemporal patterns of urban thermal environment and comfort in summer and their relationships with urbanization variables were investigated in this study.
Our results indicate that urban thermal environment has changed greatly during the 25 years. Furthermore, the changes of urban climate in different regions are inconsistent. The Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET) at most cities (81%) in China increased from 1990 to 2015, which suggested that urban thermal comfort in China was also deteriorating during the 25 years. However, while the PET of some cities in China began to decrease from 2005 to 2015, there were still 33% of cities that had positive trends,which mainly located in North region. Urbanization resulted in a significant influence on urban climate. Compared to southern cities, northern cities were more sensitive to urbanization impact. The most important contribution to increasing of PET for urbanization variables is gross domestic product, followed by urban population. The analysis results reveal changing patterns of urban thermal comfort in China during summer season. It can help urban government and managers improve urban thermal environment and comfort.
中国被认为是世界上最大且城市化进程最快的国家。然而，在中国快速城市化进程中，城市热环境和舒适度可能发生的变化在全国范围内仍未得到充分了解。
基于1990年、2005年和2015年从中国180个城市收集的数据，本研究调查了夏季城市热环境和舒适度的时空格局及其与城市化变量的关系。
我们的结果表明，在这25年中城市热环境发生了很大变化。此外，不同地区的城市气候变 化并不一致。从1990年到2015年，中国大多数城市（81%）的生理等效温度（PET）有所上升，这表明在这25年中中国城市热舒适度也在恶化。然而，虽然中国一些城市的PET从2005年到2015年开始下降，但仍有33%的城市呈上升趋势，这些城市主要位于北方地区。城市化对城市气候产生了重大影响。与南方城市相比，北方城市对城市化影响更为敏感。城市化变量对PET升高的最重要贡献是国内生产总值，其次是城市人口。分析结果揭示了中国夏季城市热舒适度的变化模式。它可以帮助城市政府和管理者改善城市热环境和舒适度。
