Buscham Tobias J, Eichel Maria A, Siems Sophie B, Werner Hauke B
Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany.
Neural Regen Res. 2019 Dec;14(12):2063-2066. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.262569.
Neural plasticity in the adult central nervous system involves the adaptation of myelination, including the formation of novel myelin sheaths by adult-born oligodendrocytes. Yet, mature oligodendrocytes slowly but constantly turn over their pre-existing myelin sheaths, thereby establishing an equilibrium of replenishment and degradation that may also be subject to adaptation with consequences for nerve conduction velocity. In this short review we highlight selected approaches to the normal turnover of adult myelin in vivo, from injecting radioactive precursors of myelin constituents in the 1960s to current strategies involving isotope labeling and tamoxifen-induced gene targeting.
成年中枢神经系统中的神经可塑性涉及髓鞘形成的适应性变化，包括成年新生少突胶质细胞形成新的髓鞘。然而，成熟少突胶质细胞会缓慢但持续地更新其已有的髓鞘，从而建立起一个补充与降解的平衡，这种平衡也可能会因适应而对神经传导速度产生影响。在这篇简短的综述中，我们重点介绍了体内成年髓鞘正常更新的几种选定方法，从20世纪60年代注射髓鞘成分的放射性前体到目前涉及同位素标记和他莫昔芬诱导基因靶向的策略。
