Idahor K O, Adua M M, Saleh D F
Department of Animal Science, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, Nigeria.
J Vector Borne Dis. 2019 Apr-Jun;56(2):154-158. doi: 10.4103/0972-9062.263725.
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Cattle population is relatively dense in Nasarawa State (Nigeria) particularly in Keffi and its environs, where there are more Hausa/Fulani settlers whose main occupation is farming and herding. Unfortunately, the area is purportedly described as a "horde of tsetse fly species" which transmits trypanosomes that cause severe disease in humans, livestock and wildlife species. This study was targeted at examining trypanosome species prevalent among cattle breeds reared in Keffi metropolis.
A total of 110 cattle, purely based on availability were screened within five working days for trypanosomes infestation using haematocrit centrifugation technique and buffy coat technique. The breeds of cattle examined included White Fulani (64), Sokoto Gudali (26), N'dama (16) and Muturu (4); reared in Jarmai, Gauta and Keffi North districts of Keffi Local Government Area, Nasarawa State, Nigeria. Data collected were analysed using simple descriptive statistics.
It was observed that 18 (16.4%) out of 110 cattle screened were infested with 5 (4.55%) Trypanosoma con- golense and 13 (11.82%) T. vivax. The T. congolense positive cases were 4 (3.64%) in White Fulani and 1(0.91%) in Sokoto Gudali breeds whereas, T. vivax occurrence was 9 (8.18%) in White Fulani breed and 4 (3.64%) in Sokoto Gudali breed. The N'dama and Muturu breeds were absolutely not infested and no mixed infestation was recorded in any of the breeds.
INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION: Trypanosoma vivax and T. congolense are the predominant trypanosome species in the study area affecting mainly Sokoto Gudali and White Fulani breeds. Since, N'dama and Muturu breeds were observed to be trypano-tolerant; intensive breeding strategy, strain upgrading mechanisms and genetic modifications could be adopted to ensure other cattles' survival and prevent disease transmission in the area and beyond.
在尼日利亚纳萨拉瓦州，牛群分布相对密集，尤其是在凯菲及其周边地区，这里有更多豪萨/富拉尼族定居者，他们的主要职业是务农和放牧。不幸的是，该地区据称被描述为“采采蝇种类繁多之地”，采采蝇会传播锥虫，导致人类、牲畜和野生动物患上严重疾病。本研究旨在调查凯菲市饲养的牛品种中流行的锥虫种类。
在五个工作日内，仅根据可获得性，使用血细胞比容离心技术和血沉棕黄层技术对总共110头牛进行锥虫感染筛查。所检查的牛品种包括白富拉尼牛（64头）、索科托古达利牛（26头）、恩达马牛（16头）和穆图鲁牛（4头）；这些牛饲养在尼日利亚纳萨拉瓦州凯菲地方政府辖区的贾尔迈、高塔和凯菲北区。收集的数据使用简单描述性统计进行分析。
观察发现，在筛查的110头牛中，有18头（16.4%）感染了锥虫，其中刚果锥虫5头（4.55%），活跃锥虫13头（11.82%）。刚果锥虫阳性病例在白富拉尼牛品种中有4头（3.64%），在索科托古达利牛品种中有1头（0.91%）；而活跃锥虫在白富拉尼牛品种中的发生率为9头（8.18%），在索科托古达利牛品种中的发生率为4头（3.64%）。恩达马牛和穆图鲁牛品种绝对没有感染，且在任何品种中均未记录到混合感染。
活跃锥虫和刚果锥虫是研究区域内的主要锥虫种类，主要影响索科托古达利牛和白富拉尼牛品种。由于观察到恩达马牛和穆图鲁牛品种对锥虫具有耐受性；可以采用强化育种策略、品系升级机制和基因改造来确保其他牛的存活，并防止该地区及其他地区的疾病传播。
