MSN, RN, School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
contributed equally as first author.
J Nurs Res. 2019 Dec;27(6):e52. doi: 10.1097/jnr.0000000000000338.
The diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer necessitate a variety of supportive care needs. To our knowledge, no studies have been conducted that target specifically the supportive care needs of patients with lung cancer in Mainland China. Cross-cultural studies indicate that supportive care needs vary by cultural background. Thus, it is necessary to investigate the supportive care needs of patients with lung cancer in the cultural context of China.
This study aimed to describe the level of supportive care required by patients with lung cancer in China and to examine the relationships between supportive care needs and demographic factors and between supportive care needs and treatment variables.
A cross-sectional descriptive study design was adopted. Five hundred fifty-four patients with lung cancer were recruited using a convenience sampling method from inpatient departments in four tertiary teaching hospitals that are affiliated with a medical university in Anhui Province, China. The Nursing Professional Social Support Needs Scale and background information list were used as the data collection instruments. A Wilcoxon rank sum test and a Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test were conducted to examine the differences among the professional supportive care needs of patients of different demographic characteristics and under different treatment conditions.
Participants self-reported the highest scores in the domain of informational needs (M = 3.67, interquartile range = 1.25). The most common supportive care need was "to be cared for by nurses with skilled venipuncture techniques." There were significant differences in needs across different genders, age groups, educational levels, and income levels (p < .05). Patients with metastasis and other illnesses had greater supportive care needs in terms of total and subscale scores in Stages III and IV (p < .05).
Patients with serious diseases and heavy socioeconomic burdens have greater supportive care needs. Therefore, healthcare providers should improve their awareness and expertise to identify the needs of their patients and to provide supportive care to patients with lung cancer. In addition, patients with high supportive care needs should be identified.
肺癌的诊断和治疗需要各种支持性护理需求。据我们所知，目前还没有针对中国大陆肺癌患者的支持性护理需求进行的研究。跨文化研究表明，支持性护理需求因文化背景而异。因此，有必要在中国文化背景下调查肺癌患者的支持性护理需求。
本研究旨在描述中国肺癌患者的支持性护理需求水平，并探讨支持性护理需求与人口统计学因素以及与治疗变量之间的关系。
采用横断面描述性研究设计。采用便利抽样法，从安徽省四所三级教学医院的住院病房招募了 554 名肺癌患者。使用护理专业社会支持需求量表和背景信息表作为数据收集工具。采用 Wilcoxon 秩和检验和 Kruskal-Wallis 秩和检验，比较不同人口统计学特征和不同治疗条件下患者的专业支持性护理需求差异。
参与者自我报告的信息需求领域得分最高（M = 3.67，四分位距 = 1.25）。最常见的支持性护理需求是“希望由具有熟练静脉穿刺技术的护士照顾”。不同性别、年龄组、教育水平和收入水平的患者需求存在显著差异（p <.05）。处于 III 期和 IV 期的转移和其他疾病患者在总评分和各亚量表评分上的支持性护理需求更高（p <.05）。
患有严重疾病和经济负担较重的患者有更高的支持性护理需求。因此，医护人员应提高意识和专业知识，以识别患者的需求，并为肺癌患者提供支持性护理。此外，应识别出具有高支持性护理需求的患者。
