Wiedemann Andreas, Becher Klaus, Bojack Barbara, Ege Sigrid, von der Heide Silke, Kirschner-Hermanns Ruth
Lehrstuhl für Geriatrie, Universität Witten/Herdecke.
Evangelisches Krankenhaus Witten gGmbH.
Aktuelle Urol. 2019 Aug;50(4):424-440. doi: 10.1055/a-0914-7346. Epub 2019 Aug 9.
1/2019 we presented an update of the AWMF guideline 'urinary incontinence in frail elderly - diagnostics and therapy'. Since its introduction in 2015 the guideline has been under a continuous revision process by the working group 'Incontinence' of the German Society for Geriatrics (DGG). From this guideline which is accredited as an official guideline of the DGG we present here the chapter about pharmacological therapy.
A profound literature search was done in a structured evaluation process in the context of a 'frail elderly'. Most medical societies define a 'frail elderly' as someone older than 70 years and multimorbide or older than 80y. We focused on randomized, double blind, placebo controlled studies as well as already published guidelines in this field. In the case no studies were available or not feasible other publications such as not randomized studies or case reports were taken into consideration for our guideline. Recommendations resulted from a structured voting process and the results are stated as percentage of members who agreed.
Pharmacological therapy of OAB, stress incontinence and overflow incontinence as well as unspecific treatment with antidiuretics was evaluated with special focus on vulnerable, potentially cognitively impaired frail elderly. We took a closer look on special side effect profile of the above mentioned drugs with regard to the individual multimorbidity and multimedication.
Pharmacological therapy of urinary incontinence in frail elderly needs strict indication. Knowledge about drug metabolization and substance interactions as well as close monitoring of possible side effects are indispensable in this vulnerable group of patients.
2019年1月,我们发布了德国老年医学协会(DGG)“脆弱老年人尿失禁——诊断与治疗”AWMF指南的更新版。自2015年推出以来,该指南一直在由德国老年医学协会“尿失禁”工作组进行持续修订。在此,我们从这份被认可为DGG官方指南的文件中,呈现关于药物治疗的章节。
在“脆弱老年人”的背景下,通过结构化评估流程进行了深入的文献检索。大多数医学协会将“脆弱老年人”定义为年龄超过70岁且患有多种疾病或年龄超过80岁的人。我们重点关注随机、双盲、安慰剂对照研究以及该领域已发表的指南。若没有可用研究或不可行,则在我们的指南中考虑其他出版物,如非随机研究或病例报告。建议来自结构化投票过程,结果以同意成员的百分比表示。
评估了膀胱过度活动症、压力性尿失禁和充溢性尿失禁的药物治疗以及使用抗利尿剂的非特异性治疗,特别关注脆弱的、可能存在认知障碍的老年患者。我们仔细研究了上述药物针对个体多种疾病和多种药物治疗情况的特殊副作用特征。
脆弱老年人尿失禁的药物治疗需要严格掌握适应症。对于这一脆弱患者群体,了解药物代谢和药物相互作用以及密切监测可能的副作用是必不可少的。