Huang Chien-Chang, Liu Chien-Hao
Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
Sensors (Basel). 2019 Aug 8;19(16):3469. doi: 10.3390/s19163469.
In this research, we proposed a miniaturized two-element sensor array inspired by Ormia Ochracea for sound direction finding applications. In contrast to the convectional approach of using mechanical coupling structures for enlarging the intensity differences, we exploited an electrical coupling network circuit composed of lumped elements to enhance the phase differences and extract the optimized output power for good signal-to-noise ratio. The separation distance between two sensors could be reduced from 0.5 wavelength to 0.1 wavelength 3.43 mm at the operation frequency of 10 kHz) for determining the angle of arrivals. The main advantages of the proposed device include low power losses, flexible designs, and wide operation bandwidths. A prototype was designed, fabricated, and experiments examined within a sound anechoic chamber. It was demonstrated that the proposed device had a phase enhancement of 110 ∘ at the incident angle of 90 ∘ and the normalized power level of -2.16 dB at both output ports. The received power levels of our device were 3 dB higher than those of the transformer-type direction-finding system. In addition, our proposed device could operate in the frequency range from 8 kHz to 12 kHz with a tunable capacitor. The research results are expected to be beneficial for the compact sonar or radar systems.
在本研究中，我们提出了一种受赭黄地鹃启发的小型化双元件传感器阵列，用于声音测向应用。与使用机械耦合结构来扩大强度差异的传统方法不同，我们利用由集总元件组成的电耦合网络电路来增强相位差异，并提取优化的输出功率以获得良好的信噪比。在10 kHz的工作频率下，两个传感器之间的间隔距离可以从0.5波长减小到0.1波长（3.43毫米），以确定入射角。所提出装置的主要优点包括低功率损耗、灵活的设计和宽工作带宽。设计并制造了一个原型，并在消声室内进行了实验测试。结果表明，所提出的装置在90°入射角时相位增强了110°，两个输出端口的归一化功率电平为 -2.16 dB。我们装置的接收功率电平比变压器型测向系统高3 dB。此外，我们提出的装置可以通过可调电容器在8 kHz至12 kHz的频率范围内工作。研究结果有望对紧凑型声纳或雷达系统有益。
